【摘要】 以石家庄滹沱河典型地区为对象,运用描述性分析、聚类分析和因子分析研究了地下水高硬度的成因。研究区地下水总硬度超标严重,超标率为85.2%,地下水总硬度与pH和井深在0.01水平上呈显著性负相关,与TDS和NO₃^-在0.01水平上呈显著性正相关;聚类分析将地下水分成了3种类型,从Ⅰ类至Ⅲ类水, SO₄^2-和Cl^-以及Na+K毫克当量百分数在逐渐增大,受人类活动的影响显著;因子分析结果表明,影响地下水化学组分（尤其是总硬度）的因素有:由工业和生活污染引起的钙镁碳酸盐及硅酸盐的溶滤作用和阳离子交换反应,农业生产产生的污染,地下水的氧化还原环境,其贡献率分别为56.3%、17.4%和12.5%。更多还原

【Abstract】 Multivariate statistics analysis is carried out to study the high total hardness of groundwater from Hutuo River in Shijiazhuang area. The main conclusions are listed below.The total hardness of groundwater was negatively correlated with pH and well depth at 0.01 level, and positively correlated with TDS and NO₃^- at 0.01 level. According to cluster analysis, the groundwater was divided into three types: Ⅰ, Ⅱ, Ⅲ.From type Ⅰ to Ⅲ, the milliequivalent concentration percentages of SO₄^2-, Cl^- and Na⁺ + K⁺ increased gradually, significantly affected by human activities. Factor analysis results showed that:（1）Leaching of carbonates, silicates and cation exchange reaction were caused by industrial and domestic pollution;（2）Agricultural pollution;（3）Oxidation-reduction environment of groundwater were the three major factors contributing to groundwater quality, especially the total hardness.The contribution rates are 56.3%, 17.4% and 12.5%.更多还原