【摘要】 天然气水合物是在高压、低温条件下由水分子和气体分子形成的笼形化合物,是21世纪一种具有巨大潜在开发价值的海洋新型能源矿产.其勘探、开发和利用的科学与技术是当前面临的重大课题.天然气水合物的地球物理识别标志包括似海底反射层、空白反射带、极性反转、垂直地震剖面(VSP)和全波形反演速率、AVO和VAMP’S结构、测井等;地球化学识别标志包括甲烷异常、表层沉积物中的H2S气体异常和大气中C02含量异常等气体异常检测,沉积物中含水量异常、孔隙水离子浓度异常、同位素地球化学异常等流体地球化学标志,以及标志性矿物(标型矿物)及沉积物热释光分析等.更多还原

【Abstract】 Gas hydrate is a kind of clathrate that is formed by water and gas molecules under high pressure and low temperature. It is thought to be a new potential source of energy in the 21st Century. Theories and technologies regarding to the prospecting and exploitation are great challenges we face today. Geophysical methods in exploiting gas hydrates include bottom simulating reflector, blanking zone, reversal of reflection polarity, VSP, AVO and VAMP’S structures, well logging and so on. Geochemical methods are also important ways, which involve fluid geochemical identification such as the anomaly of methane content, anomalies of H2S in the surface sediment and CO2 in the atmosphere, the water content anomaly in the sediments, pore water ionic concentration and isotopic geochemical anomalies, as well as the sieving of typical minerals and thermoluminescence analysis of sediments and so forth.更多还原