【摘要】 以典型生态保育区宁夏党家岔湿地自然保护区社区农户为研究案例,采用参与式农户评估方法,计量了当地社区农户生计多样性,分析了农户对环境变化的感知,测度了农户对自然保护区保护与发展的策略选择的认知。结果表明:1)当地农户多为贫困人口,受教育程度普遍较低,老龄化问题突出,三代同堂的大家庭占90. 91%。小型家庭、主流家庭和巨型家庭的生计多样性指数分别为1. 45、2. 68和2. 64; 2)不同背景标签的农户对湿地生态环境变化的感知表现出认知偏差,对居住村落环境变化的感知体现出空间层次性; 3)当地农户更关注短期生计利益,更关心居所村落"小环境"的改善,对自然保护区不能直接获得经济效益的"大生态环境"的保育与恢复不太关注。更多还原

【Abstract】 In this study,a participatory rural appraisal was used to study community farmers in Dangjiaba Wetland Nature Reserve in Ningxia; the diversity of livelihoods of farmers was measured,the farmers’ perceptions of environmental changes were analyzed,and the farmers’ understanding of cognition of strategy choice of conservation and development of Nature Reserves was discussed.The results show:( 1) Most of the local community farmers are poor,with generally lower levels of education,aging issue is prominent; large families with three generations account for 90.91%.Livelihood diversity indices for small-scale,mainstream and mega-family families are 1.45,2.68 and 2.64,respectively.( 2) The farmers with different background labels show one-sidedness in their perceptions of the changes in the ecological environment of the wetlands,and their perceptions of the changes in the living environment in the villages show spatial hierarchy.( 3) Local farmers pay more attention to the interests of short-term livelihoods,they concern more about the improvement of housing environment,and scarcely concern about the conservation and restoration of ecological environment in which nature reserves cannot directly obtain economic benefits.更多还原