【摘要】 新疆是中国最大盐土分布区,盐生植物资源极为丰富且具有较强的吸盐聚盐能力。以盐角草（Salicornia europaea）为材料,研究炭化温度和时间对盐角草的生物炭产率及理化特性的影响。结果表明:炭化能有效增加盐角草pH、EC（电导率）和灰分含量,其中生物炭pH最高达10. 37,生物炭灰分含量与盐角草灰分含量相比增加了57. 51%～110. 98%。在300～600℃,随着炭化温度的升高,生物炭pH、EC、灰分含量显著增加,而产率降低;生物炭水溶性Ca²⁺、Mg²⁺含量随温度（≥400℃）降低,Na⁺、K⁺等低价离子富集;生物炭全钾、全磷含量随温度逐渐增加,全碳、全氮含量则降低。随着炭化时间的增加,pH、EC及灰分含量逐渐升高,碳含量逐渐降低,且水溶性离子含量增加。根据生物炭理化特性,炭化时间2 h为最适宜的炭化时间。该研究可为生物炭改良酸性土壤原料选择以及植物生物炭制备工艺优化提供新途径。更多还原

【Abstract】 Xinjiang is the largest area where saline soil is distributed in China,and rich in resources of halophytes with high capability of accumulating salt. In this paper,the effects of carbonization temperature and time on biochar yield and physicochemical properties of Salicornia europaea were analyzed. The results showed that the carbonization of S. europaea could effectively increase the values of pH,EC and ash content,in which the pH value could be reached to 10. 37 and the ash content could be increased by 57. 51%-110. 98%. With the increase of carbonization temperature（ 300-600 ℃）,the pH,EC and ash content of biochar were increased significantly,but the biochar yield was decreased. The contents of water-soluble Ca²⁺,Mg²⁺,total C and total N were decreased with the increase of temperature（ ≥400 ℃）,but the contents of water-soluble Na+,K+,total P and total K were increased. In addition,with the increase of carbonization time,the pH,EC and contents of ash and water-soluble ions were increased gradually,but the content of total C was decreased. According to the physicochemical properties and preparation cost of biochar,it was considered that the best carbonization time was for 2 hours. This study could provide a reference for selecting the raw materials for improving acidic soil under biochar and the optimization of plant biochar preparation process.更多还原