【摘要】 为了提高土壤磷素利用率,为微生物磷肥开发提供高效菌种资源,采用平板分离法从荒漠绿洲过渡带白刺根际土壤分离筛选出一株溶磷能力强的真菌P-1407,对其溶磷特性、产酸特性和耐盐碱特性进行研究。结果表明,液体条件下培养10 d,菌株P-1407对Ca₃（PO₄）₂表现出高效的溶解能力,最大溶磷量为557μg·mL^-1;其溶磷量和pH值变化呈显著负相关,溶磷过程中分泌的有机酸种类主要为葡萄糖酸、草酸及甲酸;在高浓度NaCl和较高的pH值条件下仍保持较高的溶磷能力;结合培养性状、显微形态特征和ITS rDNA序列分析,鉴定菌株P-1407为草酸青霉（Penicillium oxalicum）;盆栽试验表明,P-1407菌株对番茄的促生作用较对照显著提高,番茄种子发芽率提高了2.53%,番茄植株的株高、根长、地上部鲜重、地上部干重、地下部鲜重和地下部干重分别增加了109.27%、78.41%、82.95%、121.69%、94.74%和64.71%。因此,P-1407是一株展现良好应用前景的高效溶磷菌种,有望为土壤的改良和生物菌肥的开发提供种质资源。更多还原

【Abstract】 In order to improve phosphorus of soil and provide P-solubilizing microbial resource for bio-fertilizer production,a fungi P-1407 with strong phosphate-solubilizing ability was isolated from rhizosphere soil of Nitraria tangutorum in Minqin desert-oasis ecotone by using flat plate separation method. The dissolving characteristics, acid production, and resistance to salt-alkaline of strain P-1407 were also studied.The results showed that the strain P-1407 had high-efficiency of phosphate-solubilizing capability for Ca₃（PO₄）₂ during a 10 d shaking incubation. The maximum activity of phosphate-dissolving was reached at 557 μg·mL^-1. Also, Its P solubilizing capacity was negatively related to soil pH.It was revealed that the strain P-1407 mainly secreted gluconic acid, oxalic acid, and formic acid using HPLC analysis.The strain P-1407 was stable under alkaline and high salt conditions. According to its cultural characteristics, micromorphological characteristics, and ITS rDNA sequence, the strain P-1407 was identified as Penicillium oxalicum.The pot culture experiment results showed that the germination rate of tomato seed treated with P-1407 increased by 2.53% compared with that of the control, and the plant height, root length, fresh weight of aboveground parts, dry weight of aboveground parts, fresh weight of underground parts and dry weight of underground parts were increased by 109.27%, 109.27%, 82.95%, 121.69%, 82.95%, and 121.69%, respectively.Therefore,the strain P-1407 is a promising microbial resource for development of high efficiency biological phosphorus fertilizer of soil in the future.更多还原