【摘要】 针对吊杯式移栽机膜上成穴移栽时膜面穴口大的问题,建立栽植机构的运动模型,通过分析栽植器的运动轨迹特性得出,当栽植器的运动轨迹为余摆线,且余摆线环扣最大横弦的距离等于轨迹线与地膜交点间的距离,栽植器在上拔阶段水平方向零速度点两侧打开,有利于减小膜面穴口尺寸。通过仿真分析和膜上移栽番茄盘苗试验得出,运动轨迹特征系数λ对膜面穴口的纵向尺寸影响显著,对横向尺寸和倾斜率影响不明显。随着λ值的增大,穴口纵向尺寸先减小然后增大,在移栽频率为50和55株·min^-1时,λ为1.093的穴口纵向尺寸分别为10.12 cm和9.49 cm,是最小值;两种移栽频率条件下,随着λ值的增大,移栽株距分别从39.8 cm减小到33.5 cm和从39.1 cm减小到33.1 cm。该结论可用于指导吊杯式移栽机结构和工作参数的优选。更多还原

【Abstract】 Given the unwanted large holes on film surface with basket-type planting devices during above-film hole-forming device, and establishing a motion model of the planting mechanism, we analyzed the trajectory characteristics of the planter. It was found that when the trajectory of the planter was the trochoidal line, the distance of the maximum transverse chord of the trochoidal ring buckle was equal to the distance between the intersection of the trajectory line and the film, and the planter was opened in the uplifting stage. It was beneficial to reduce the size of the membrane face. Through simulation analysis and transplanting of tomato seedlings on the film, it was concluded that the trajectory characteristic coefficient, λ, had a significant influence on the longitudinal dimension of hole on the film, the transverse dimension and inclination rate were not obvious. As the λ value increased, the longitudinal dimension of the hole first decreased and then increased. When the transplanting frequency was 50 and 55 plants·min^-1, and the λ was 1.093, the longitudinal dimension of the hole was 10.12 and 9.49 cm, respectively, which was the minimum value. Under the two transplanting frequency conditions, as the λ value increased, the transplanting plant distance decreased from 39.8 cm to 33.5 cm and from 39.1 cm to 33.1 cm, respectively. This conclusion can be used to guide the optimization of the structure and working parameters of the basket-type transplanter.更多还原