【摘要】 利用NOAA卫星热红外遥感图像对新疆塔里木盆地进行研究,对比分析发生在塔里木盆地周边的2次中强地震,结果发现在震前1个月内均有不同程度的红外增温现象。这两次增温现象的分布范围、异常持续时间和地震三要素的关系不明确。2003年2月在巴楚县东部上空出现的增温现象,形态呈放射状,地点相对固定,在时间上具有连续性,分析认为该现象可能和伽师-巴楚MS6.8地震有关。而1999年1月托克逊MS5.6地震前出现的增温现象主要表现为边界清晰、色调均匀的高温雾状物,其分布地点与未来震中位置无关,却始终沿塔里木盆地边缘分布,认为很可能是与地震无关的大气逆温现象。以上震例说明塔里木盆地出现的红外辐射增温现象,并不完全与孕震机制有关。如何对震前红外辐射异常与大气自然现象进行有效甄别,还需要根据增温出现的季节、地形地貌环境,以及增温区演化特征来判断。更多还原

【Abstract】 The brink of Tarim basin is a seismically active area where strong earthquakes are frequent.The technique of satellite thermal infrared radiation(IR) provides a new observational method for studying earthquakes.This paperstudied and compared on the two earthquakes,one was Ms=6.8 earthquake of Feb.24,2003 occurred in Jiashi-Bachu County,another wasMs=5.6 earthquake of Jan.30,1999 occurred in Tuokexun County,which all distributed at the brink of Tarim Basin in Xinjiang.The results show that there have evident thermal infrared along the brink of Tarim basin before this earthquakes.However,the anomalous dimensions seems not to have correlated to the source parameters of earthquakes.So the paper has analyzed and discussed the correlation between earthquakes and anomalous phenomenon of the IR brightness temperature. The paper interpreted and analyzed NOAA/AVHRR satellite images one months before these earthquakes.The anomalies before the Tuokexun Ms5.6 earthquake look like fog in IR images with even brightness,smooth surfaces and clear bounds,but their temperature are higher than that of the ground,the magnitude of the anomalies can reach 3～7 K.Moreover,the locations of the anomalies are changeable,and the areas of the anomalies are variable in size,looking as if the anomalies float above the ground without direction of moving and extending.Accordingly the paper considers that they probably produced by atmosphere temperature inversion phenomena,not by the earthquake.Comparably,before the Jiashi-Bachu Ms=6.8 earthquake,the anomalies displayed continuity in several days with high brightness,its ranges are expanded and always surrounded the future epicenter,meanwhile,the anomalous site is immovable.Therefore, it is probably an impending precursor. By comparing the IR anomalous phenomenon before twice earthquakes,the paper suggests that some anomalies of IR phenomenon are likely to be taken mistakenly as an earthquake precursor before a shock.It is necessary to analyze satellite data in a long time scale for extracting real precursor anomalies,and identifying the disturbance of non-earthquake factors.更多还原