【摘要】 高分子囊泡通常由疏水的双层膜包覆亲水的空腔构成.这种独特的形貌使得高分子囊泡被广泛地用于构筑人工细胞(器)、纳米反应器和药物递送载体.为了实现这些功能应用,调控高分子囊泡双层膜的渗透性并保持囊泡结构的稳定性极为重要.然而传统调控囊泡渗透性的方法步骤相对繁琐、常导致组装体的解离.本文总结了我们近期在协同调控高分子囊泡稳定性和渗透性方面的研究进展.首先,提出了"无痕"交联的策略并实现了高分子囊泡渗透性和稳定性的协同增强.其次,利用多重协同非共价键相互作用,实现了高分子囊泡渗透性的可逆调节.这些新型的调控策略解决了高分子囊泡结构稳定性和渗透性的矛盾并展现了良好的应用前景.更多还原

【Abstract】 Polymersomes, also referred to as polymer vesicles, are self-assembled from amphiphilic synthetic polymers, representing a type of hollow nanostructures containing aqueous lumens enclosed by bilayer membranes. This unique hollow and compartmentalized structure has been extensively used in the fabrication of artificial cells, drug carriers, and nanoreactors. Albeit more stable than liposomes, polymersomes exhibit relatively low permeability toward macromolecules, small molecules, ions, and even water molecules. This drawback remarkably hampers the biomedical applications of polymersomes. Thus, it is of crucial importance to regulate the permeability of polymersomes while maintaining structural integrity. Although a number of methods have been proposed to enhance the permeability of polymersomes such as the fabrication of stimuli-responsive polymersomes and the introduction of channel proteins, these procedures suffer from either tedious protocols or disruption of the vesicular structures. In this feature article, we summarize our recent achievements in the(ir)reversible regulation of the permeability of polymersomes. First, we conceived a new concept, termed as"traceless" cross-linking, to synergistically stabilize and permeate polymersomes. This concept originates from photoresponsive polymersomes, in which we found that the photo-caged primary amines underwent inter/intrachain amidation reactions other than protonation reactions within the initially hydrophobic bilayer membranes. Moreover, this robust strategy can be readily extended to other bio-related triggering events such as enzyme and redox. Notably, "traceless " cross-linking generally led to irreversible chemical cross-linking of polymersomes. Thus, in the following section, we showcased the representative examples in reversible modulation the permeability of polymersomes by taking advantage of cooperative noncovalent interactions. These new methodologies successfully resolve the dilemma of the structural stability and bilayer permeability of polymersomes and can be used for the fabrication of smart nanocarriers and nanoreactors. Finally, we give a brief summary and outlook of this emerging field.更多还原