【摘要】 农村自建砌体房屋由于没有正规的设计和施工不规范,存在诸多影响地震安全的问题。墙体作为砌体房屋的承重构件,其在地震作用下的破坏特征和机理,成为震害调查和研究的重点。本文讨论了农村自建砌体房屋墙体常见的地震安全问题。通过使用数量化词语的震害描述,对农村自建砖砌体房屋的墙体在不同烈度区的震害特征进行了分析,并得到对应烈度区房屋的破坏形态。针对墙体在地震作用下处于剪—压复合应力状态的特点,分析了三种裂缝类型和剪切破坏类型的对应关系。本文也给出了降低农村自建砌体房屋墙体震害的一些建议。更多还原

【Abstract】 Rural self-built masonry house usually have many problems that relate to the security of seismic because of irregular design and construction.As load-bearing components of the masonry house,walls have been the key factor in surveying and researching of seismic damage.Common seismic security problems of masonry walls are discussed in this paper.Seismic damage features of the walls of rural self-built masonry house at the different intensity zone are analyzed by means of using quantifier to describe seismic damage.Meanwhile,failure mode of masonry that correspond to the same intensity zone is obtained.As the walls have the feature of shear-compression stress under seismic action,a corresponding relation between three types of cracks and shear failure is analyzed.The advices for reducing seismic damage of masonry walls are given at last.更多还原