【摘要】 闽江干-支流上众多水利水电工程的建设运营,显著地改变了闽江干-支流的流速、流量、输砂量和挟砂能力等水动力场因素,也改变了沿江两岸的应力场强度与分布状态,导致闽江流水地质作用类型、强度及其时空分布与演化状态产生较大的变化,相伴产生日益突出的空间分布较广的、持续时间长的沿江两岸(含库区)的环境地质灾害问题。本文概要地就闽江水利工程建设运营与沿江及库区岸坡的失稳破坏危害、水口水库诱发地震灾害以及水利工程运营与水库下游河道稳定性变化及危害的关系等3方面问题进行初步的研究。研究表明:沿江库区及岸坡的失稳破坏灾害发生与水利工程运营具有明显的相关性,随运营时间的延续,灾害发生的频率显著提高;水库蓄水拦砂致使大坝下游河床的流水侵蚀冲刷作用增强,这是导致水库下游河道形态变化、破坏并伴生沿江岸工程危害的重要因素;水口水库蓄水加载及水化作用是诱发水口库区地震的重要因素,该水库诱发地震的余震时间持续长,在未来若干年内仍存在发生起伏性增强,或强度较大的并具破坏性地震的可能,对此应予高度重视并展开专项研究。同时提出,应开展水利工程引发的地质灾害的专项监测和预报分析研究,并建立水利工程环境地质灾害动态区域信息监测和预警预报系统。更多还原

【Abstract】 The construction and operation of many water conservancy and hydroelectric projects in the Minjiang River region have brought some significant changes to the hydrodynamic field.Such changes include stream velocity,river discharge,sediment discharge and silt carrying capacity.They have also changed the distribution and intensity of stress field in those coastal belts.Therefore the types,the intensity and the evolution of geological proces-ses have been greatly changed,and many environment geological hazards have also been caused.They hazards are considerably growing in terms of wider distribution and longer duration.This paper makes some preliminary studies on three relations.One relation is between the construction and operation of Minjiang River water conservancy pro-ject and the instability hazards of littoral slopes.The second is the earthquakes induced by Shuikou Reservoir.The third is the downstream channel stability behind the dam and its harmfulness.The results show that the instability of the reservoir banks is obvious correlation with the water conservancy project operation and the hazards frequencysignificantly increases as the operation continued.By enhancing the fluvial erosion behind the dam,the reservoir im-pounding becomes the important factor which affects the lower river channel and the littoral environment geological hazards.In addition,the impounding and hydration of Shuikou Reservoir are also the important factors inducing an earthquake.Its aftershocks will last for a long period.The point of view that the more intensive and destructive reser-voir earthquake may occur in the next few years is put forward.Almost simultaneously the research on the special monitoring and forecasting for geological disasters should be carried out and the regional information monitoring and forecasting system about geological disasters of the water conservancy project should also be established.更多还原