【摘要】 用物探技术在隧道施工时作掌子面前方地质预报,取得了好的进展,但还有大的发展空间,仍需要投入更大力量。弹性波法,需要在实测波速及使用横波方面有所突破。探查地下水不是弹性波法的强项,希望电法类方法有所突破。雷达探查的效果不错,但探距太小;目前已在研究的瞬变电磁法可望探查80m以远的地下水。实际上,目前还有一大问题要解决,这就是人们的认识问题:地质预报是施工地质的重要组分,应列入施工组织;地质物探要密切结合,要充分掌握勘测阶段和施工中调查得到的地质资料;每种物探方法均有使用条件,有长处与弱点;物探资料有多解性,要采用综合物探;要将力量多放在资料判释上;地面浅层地质勘探都遇到许多困难,不能满足人们愿望,隧道中条件远不如地面,困难更大;特别是对地质的认识也必须遵循认识的规律,在实践中不断改正和深化对地质情况的认识。更多还原

【Abstract】 The geological predicting in tunnel construction has made good progress. For elastic wave reflection method, it is necessary to make great headway for measuring the elastic wave speed of rock layers and to apply shear wave. Furthermore, it is necessary to develop electric methods and electromagnetic methods, which are good methods for predicting underground water. And also the transient electromagnetic method is able to predict over 80 m underground water in depth. At present, people should realize that the geological predicting has become an important part in tunnel geological works. They should know every geophysical method has its strong point and weak point, and they should put much emphasis on the data interpretation.更多还原