【摘要】 为了分析海南省降雨量、侵蚀性降雨量及降雨侵蚀力在不同时间尺度上的变化趋势及其相关性,根据该地区1952～2015年的日降雨量数据资料,采用变异系数、趋势系数和气候趋势率等方法分析不同时间尺度的降雨、侵蚀性降雨和降雨侵蚀力的变化趋势。结果表明:①1952～2015年海南省年平均降雨侵蚀力和降雨量分别为514.96 MJ·mm/(hm~2·h)和1 751.50 mm。降雨侵蚀力和降雨总量年际波动显著,年均侵蚀性降雨量、年均降雨量、年均降雨侵蚀力变异系数分别为24.43%、24.14%、21.71%。且年内变化较大,均主要集中在5～10月。②总体上春冬降雨侵蚀力呈减少趋势,趋势系数分别为-0.008、-0.002,夏秋降雨侵蚀力呈增加趋势,趋势系数分别为0.21、0.14。③月降雨量和降雨侵蚀力的变化趋势基本一致,5、7、8、10月降雨量呈增加趋势,趋势系数分别为0.08、0.22、0.04、0.30;5、7、8、10、12月降雨侵蚀力呈增加趋势,趋势系数分别为0.07、0.34、0.16、0.44、0.10。④相关分析表明,年降雨量、年侵蚀性降雨量和年降雨侵蚀力这三者之间呈极显著正相关,相关系数均大于0.99。本研究结果可为该地区及海南省水土流失防治及土壤侵蚀机理研究提供数据和理论支撑。更多还原

【Abstract】 Based on the daily rainfall data of the region from 1952 to 2015, it was analyzed the variation trends of rainfall, erosive rainfall and rainfall erosivity at different time scales by using variation coefficient, trend coefficient and climatic trend rate, so as to analyze the variation trend and correlation of rainfall, erosive rainfall and rainfall erosivity at different time scales in Hainan Province. The results show that:① The annual average rainfall erosivity and rainfall in Hainan Province during the 60 years from 1952 to 2015 are 514.96 MJ mm/(hm~2·h) and 1751.50 mm, respectively. The annual fluctuation of rainfall erosivity and total rainfall is significant, with the variability coefficients of annual erosive rainfall, annual average rainfall and annual average rainfall erosivity of 24.43%, 24.14% and 21.71%, respectively. In the meantime, the change in the year is large, mainly concentrated from May to October. ② In general, rainfall erosivity in spring and winter seasons showed a decreasing trend, with trend coefficients of-0.008 and-0.002, respectively, and that in summer and autumn seasons showed an increasing trend, with trend coefficients of 0.21 and 0.14, respectively. ③The variation trend of monthly rainfall and rainfall erosivity are basically the same. Rainfall increases in May, July, August and October, with trend coefficients of 0.08, 0.22, 0.04 and 0.30, respectively. While the rainfall erosivity increases in May, July, August, October and December with trend coefficients of 0.07, 0.34, 0.16, 0.44 and 0.10, respectively. ④ The correlation analysis shows that there is a significant positive correlation among annual rainfall, annual erosive rainfall and annual rainfall erosivity, with the correlation coefficients of greater than 0.99. The results of this study can provide data and theoretical support for the prevention and control of soil erosion and the study of soil erosion mechanism in this region and Hainan Province.更多还原