【摘要】 为探讨城市夜间照明对城市绿化植物生长的影响,以南京市城市绿化中8种常用的绿化树种(银杏、桂花、油茶、香樟、石楠、女贞、鸡爪槭、垂柳)为试验材料,测定各树种叶片的生理指标,研究城市夜间照明对其生理特性的影响。结果表明:城市夜间照明降低了植物叶片中的叶绿素含量(女贞、桂花、油茶除外)、叶绿素a/b和叶绿素/类胡萝卜素的比值;但增加了所有树种的丙二醛(MDA)含量和除香樟外其余树种的相对电导率(REC);增加了香樟、桂花、石楠、银杏4种树种叶片中可溶性糖含量和6种树种脯氨酸含量(女贞和油茶除外),其中银杏叶片中脯氨酸含量增加的幅度最大(48.5%);8种树种叶片中超氧化物歧化酶(SOD)、过氧化物酶(POD)的活性均增强。8种树种对城市夜间照明的耐受性顺序为:桂花>香樟>女贞>石楠>油茶>银杏>鸡爪槭>垂柳。城市夜间照明对常绿和落叶树种生理特性产生的影响主要表现在:叶绿素含量降低、相对电导率与MDA含量增加,对落叶植物影响较常绿树种大,但这些植物可通过增加渗透调节能力及提高抗氧化酶活性来降低夜间照明对其造成的不利影响,其中常绿树种中的桂花和落叶树种中的银杏对城市夜间照明的耐受性较强。更多还原

【Abstract】 The effects of night lighting on physiological adaptations of eight greening-trees(including five evergreen tree species and three deciduous tree species) in the Nanjing urban area were investigated. The results showed that the chlorophyll(Chl) content(except Ligustrum lucidum, Osmanthus fragrans and Camellia oleifera), Chl a/b, and Chl/Car(carotenoids) decreased significantly under night lighting for all species. Meanwhile, night lighting induced an increase in the relative electric conductivity(REC) and malondialdehyde(MDA) content in all species except Cinnamomum camphora. The enzyme activities of superoxide dismutase(SOD) and peroxidase(POD) were increased in all species, the soluble sugar content were found to have increased significantly under night lighting in four species(Cinnamomum camphora, O. fragrans, Photinia serratifoliaand Ginkgo biloba), and proline contents were found to have increased significantly under night lighting in all species except L. lucidum and C. oleifera, and the proline content in G. biloba leaves increased by as much as 48.5%. The order(from stronger to weaker) of tolerance to night lighting in the eight roadside-trees was O. fragrans> Cinnamomum camphora> L. lucidum> P. serratifolia> Camellia oleifera> G. biloba> Acer palmatum> Salix babylonica according to the membership function values analysis. In conclusion, the physiological properties of these wood plants were affected by the night lighting stress in the urban area, as indicated by the decreasing Chl contents and increasing REC and MDA values; furthermore, the degree of negative influence in deciduous trees was more serious than that in evergreen trees. However, these trees displayed a capacity to resist the night lighting stress through the induction of osmotic regulatory substances(soluble sugars and proline) and enhancements in antioxidant enzyme activities(SOD, POD). The optimal roadside-tree species were determined to be O. fragrans for the evergreen trees and G. biloba for the deciduous trees under night lighting stress.更多还原