【摘要】 煤炭开发项目属于生态影响和污染影响均存在的建设项目,尤其是露天矿开挖的生态影响会随着开发时间的延续和剥离范围的扩大逐渐显现,特别是草原区露天矿的开发将会给当地的地形地貌、地表植被、土壤侵蚀和景观等产生深远影响。为适应新形势下生态文明的发展要求以及注重事中事后监管的管理思路,露天矿建设项目开展环境影响后评价将是政府管理部门进行环境监管的有效手段和常态化的管理机制,而企业作为开发主体开展环境影响后评价也是践行绿色矿山、总结治理经验的有效途径之一。该研究针对露天矿开发特点,对锡林郭勒盟典型草原区已开发多年的胜利一号露天矿进行环境影响后评价,通过多次实地调研和遥感解译相结合的方法,分析历年来露天开挖所带来的生态和景观影响,总结生态恢复存在的问题和成功经验,以期为政府管理提供技术支撑,也为其他类似项目提供经验借鉴。更多还原

【Abstract】 Coal development projects with both ecological and pollution impacts, Especially the ecological impact of open pit excavation will gradually appear with the extension of development time and the extension of stripping scope, the exploitation of open pit mine in grassland area will have far-reaching influence on the local topography, landform, surface vegetation,soil erosion and landscape etc. In order to meet the requirements of the development of ecological civilization under the new situation and pay attention to the management ideas of supervision after the event, Post-Environmental Impact Assessment of Open-pit Mine Construction Projects will be an effective means and normalized management mechanism for environmental supervision by government management departments. Enterprises as the main body of development to carry out environmental impact post-assessment is also one of the effective ways to practice green mines and summarize management experience. This study aims at the characteristics of open pit mine development,takes Post-environmental impact assessment of Shengli No.1 open-pit mine in typical grassland area of Xilinguole League developed for many years,Combination of field investigation and remote sensing interpretation,Analysis of the ecological and landscape impacts of open-pit excavation over the years,Summarizing the problems and successful experiences of ecological restoration,Providing technical support for government management and experience for other similar projects.更多还原