【摘要】 日本福岛核事故源于两个直接因素--地震和海啸,以及两因素的叠加,并导致放射性泄漏对周围居民产生重大影响。针对这些问题,分析中国大陆核电站厂址的地震发生概率、海啸发生概率和人口分布因素,由此评价我国核电站厂址选择的安全性。结果证明:我国大陆核电站远离地震带;沿海不会发生特大海啸;核电站周围人口分布密度符合安全标准,我国核电站具有较高的固有安全性。同时,此次福岛事故也是对我国核电发展的警示,要求不可忽视小概率的超基准设计事故以及多个超基准设计事故叠加的情况;要重新审查中国抗震和海啸等极限事故的标准;要考虑人口密度;要避免两个核电站建设过密的情况。目前,我国已经采取安全检查等措施确保核电站的安全性。这次福岛事故对我国乃至世界核电的发展都是宝贵的经验教训。更多还原

【Abstract】 There are two direct factors,earthquake and tsunami,led to the Fukushima nuclear accident.The accident radioactive leaks have a serious impact on the surrounding residents.Taking into account these issues,nuclear power plant sites earthquake probabilities,tsunami probabilities and population distribution around in mainland China are studied,thus the safety of nuclear power plants against earthquake and tsunami is studied.Survey results show that the nuclear power stations in mainland China are away from seismic belt,super tsunami will not happen in our coastal areas and population density around the plant meets safety standards.The nuclear power plants in mainland China have a high inherent safety.But Fukushima nuclear accident alarms for our nuclear power development.The beyond design basic accident(BDBA) is small probability,but it can’t be ignored and it’s the same to the situation that meeting several BDBA at the same time.It is necessary to review our nuclear power station limit accident safety standards on earthquake and tsunami.And the safe distance between two nuclear power units should be considered.The population density around nuclear power plants is also an important safety factor.Now some of the security measures have been taken such as safety-check in mainland China to ensure the safety of nuclear power plants.The Fukushima nuclear accident gives a lesson to our government and the whole world.更多还原