【摘要】 探索研究流域非点源氮污染控制的有效措施,对于治理改善水环境恶化具有重要的现实和长远意义。以山美水库流域为研究区域,建立AnnAGNPS氮污染模型,通过情景模拟技术分别模拟了河岸缓冲带、适量施肥、免耕、少耕、梯田和退耕还林等最佳管理措施的非点源氮污染削减效率。结果表明:(1)梯田与退耕还林对氮的削减率较高,均高于15%;免耕较低,为13%;少耕、合理施肥、河岸缓冲带削减效果有限,低于10%。(2)河岸缓冲带、少耕、免耕、梯田等措施的总氮削减率在不同月份的变化趋势与泥沙削减变化趋势一致,在7月和8月有较高的削减率;合理施肥与退耕还林的总氮削减率则与流域施肥状况相关性更高,在2—4月份有较高的削减率,因此山美水库流域水环境改善应结合非点源氮污染治理和流域水土流失治理。更多还原

【Abstract】 Exploring effective measures to control non-point source nitrogen pollution is of great practical and long-term significance for the protection of water environment. AnnAGNPS model was utilized to simulate the nitrogen reduction of Best Management Practices(BMPs) for non-point source pollution in Shanmei reservoir basin. The results showed that:(1) The nitrogen reduction of parallel terraces and returning farmland to forests were relatively high(larger than 15%), followed by the no-tillage(13%), and then other BMPs(less than 10%).(2) The nitrogen reduction of vegetation filtering belt strips, reduced tillage, no-tillage and parallel terraces in different months were consistent with those of sediment reduction, and higher reduction rates of those BMPs occurred in July and August. Moreover, the nitrogen reduction of fertilizer reduction and returning farmland to forests were more correlated with the fertilization situation, and higher reduction rate occurred during February to April. The results of the paper indicate that the treatments of non-point source nitrogen pollution and soil erosion should be combined in the improvement of water environment change in Shanmei reservoir basin.更多还原