【摘要】 坡面型和沟谷型泥石流是2种不同的泥石流,不能用单一模型来计算它们的冲出距离。经分类研究,发现它们冲出距离的主影响因子有很大不同:对于沟谷型泥石流,主要是沟道内的松散物质储量;而对于坡面型泥石流,主要是坡面松散体的高度以及体积。2种泥石流的冲出角分布也存在很大差别:研究区沟谷型泥石流的冲出角在29.6°～82.9°之间,表现出"高量级、高冲出角"的特征;坡面型泥石流的冲出角在25°～47°之间,且大部分的冲出角在30°左右,表现出"低量级、低冲出角"的特征。在此分析的基础上,用回归分析方法建立了汶川地震灾区2种不同类型泥石流冲出距离的计算方法。最后,将经验计算方法用陈家坝文家坪坡面泥石流和红椿沟泥石流进行验证,与实际值较为吻合。更多还原

【Abstract】 Hillslope debris flow and channelized debris flow are very different in formation and movement.This indicates their runout distances cannot be described by a single model.Investigation of the two kinds of debris flow in the Wenchuan earthquake zone shows that the principal factors influencing the runout distances are different.For channelized debris flow,the principal factor is volume of sediment supply,while for hillslope debris flow the factors are relative height and volume of debris.Comparing with debris flow in Alps area,the run-out angle of the two kinds of debris flow in the earthquake area also exhibits different characteristics.The run-out angle of channelized debris flow ranges from 29.6° to 82.9°,which is characterized by "great magnitude and large runout angle",whereas the angle of slope debris flow from 25° to 47°,which is characterized by "small magnitude and small runout angle".The data of debris-flow events in Beichuan and Qingping of the earthquake zone were used to respectively derive the empirical formulas for calculating the runout distance of hillslope debris flow and channelized debris flow by statistical regressive method.The resulted formulas were verified by two cases,and can be applied to post-quake debris flow.更多还原