【摘要】 矿床是地球演化过程中特定阶段、特定地质环境下形成的,深部结构、构造和动力过程是控制成矿作用的关键因素。成矿带或矿集区现今的地壳结构、构造保留着其演化动力学过程留下的痕迹,通过对不同深度地壳结构的探测,不仅可以提供成矿系统(成矿物质来源、迁移路径和存储空间)形成时期的构造背景和成矿地质环境信息,还可以直接追踪控矿构造的延深,甚至直接发现深部矿体。反射地震是深部探测的核心技术,应用于大陆地壳结构探测和油气勘探已经有近百年的历史,但应用于成矿学的研究和深部金属矿勘查只有二十几年。本文回顾了近年反射地震技术在区域成矿背景、矿集区深部3D结构和深部找矿勘查中取得的重要进展,讨论了该技术在应用中存在问题和下一步技术发展方向,为我国"地壳探测工程(SinaProbe)"在重点成矿带和矿集区开展立体探测提供一些借鉴。更多还原

【Abstract】 The formation of mineral deposits is related to a particular stage of the Earth’ evolution and controlled by a specific geological environment, the deep structure and geodynamic process play a major role in controlling mineralization. The present crustal structure of metallogenic belt or ore-concentrated area retains "fossil" marks preserved during its geodynamic evolution. Through the detection of crustal structure at different depths, we can not only reveal the tectonic setting and metallogenic environment at the time of the mineral system (fluid source, migration pathway and trap) was formed, but also can directly trace the extension of the deeper ore-controlling structures, and even directly detect the deeper ore bodies. Reflection seismic is a key technology for deep structure detection, and has been used for continental crust structure study and oil and gas exploration for about a hundred years, however, the application of this technique in research of metallogenesis and deep mineral exploration in hard rock environments is only about two decades. This paper reviews the recent advances of reflection seismic in studding of regional metallogenic background, 3D structures of the ore-concentration area and deep mineral exploration, and discusses the problems and the future development, and hope to provide some reference to SinoProbe project, which will carry out three-dimensional detection in key metallogenic belt and ore concentration area in China.更多还原