【摘要】 龙门山地区活动断裂右旋斜冲运动与汶川8级强烈地震存在成因联系。汶川8级地震造成了惨重的人员伤亡和巨大的财产损失,地震地质灾害主要类型有地震灾害、地震触发地质灾害和地震引发地质灾害隐患。严重地震灾害包括房屋倒塌与部分坍塌、房屋平移、房屋倾斜变形、墙体破裂与结构破坏、桥梁垮塌等。地震触发严重地质灾害包括山体滑坡、山体滑塌、岩块崩塌,局部产生泥石流与沙土液化。地震引发地质灾害隐患包括潜在滑坡、不稳定边坡与滑塌隐患、危岩体与崩塌隐患及泥石流灾害隐患。地震地质灾害分布与活动断层存在密切关系,沿北川-映秀断裂地震地质灾害最为严重,沿汉旺-漩口断裂、茂县-汶川断裂、青川断裂地震地质灾害也比较严重。在活动断裂之间相对稳定地块远离活动断裂超过3～5km,地震灾害和地震触发地质灾害显著减轻。更多还原

【Abstract】 Dextral-slip thrusting of major active faults in Longmen Mts. caused the MS 8.0 Wenchuan earthquake, which resulted in huge hazards to local people. Typical examples presented here are seismic hazards of the MS 8.0 earthquake, geological hazards triggered by the earthquake and potential geological hazards induced by the earthquake in Longmen Mts. The heavy seismic disasters in Wenchuan includes building collaping, moving and tilting of houses, wall fracturing, and breaking or even collapse of bridges. Geological hazards triggered by the Wenchuan Earthquake include landslide, rockfalls, local debris flow and liquefaction. Potential geological hazards include latent landslides and debris flows, rockslides and rockfalls along unstable slopes. Distribution of seismic and geological hazards are closely related to active faults, with the worst hazards occurring along and near the Beichuan-Yingxiu fault in central Longmen Mts., and along the minor seismic faults such as the Hanwang-Xuankou fault in eastern Longmen Mts. and the Maoxian-Wenchuan fault and the Qingchuan fault in western Longmen Mts. Seismic and geological hazards greatly decreased in the areas 3~5 km away from the seismic faults.更多还原