【摘要】 根据物理学中的科里奥利力定义和计算原理 ,在对中国大陆 2 0次 7.5级以上特大地震余震强度与科里奥利力效应关系的统计研究基础上 ,重点对 2 0 0 1年 11月 14日昆仑山口西 8.1级地震时所受到的科里奥利力情况进行了研究 ,并以此来讨论该地震后期的余震活动趋势 .结果表明 :①利用科里奥利力效应预测中国大陆特大地震的余震强度是一个有效的方法 .对于左旋走滑断层和上盘错动方向通过震源子午面右侧 (向北看 )的逆断层 ,其科里奥利力效应是使断层两盘相互拉离 ,它降低了断层错动时断层面上的摩擦阻力 ,地震能量主要在主震时充分释放 ,故余震强度小 ;对于右旋走滑断层 ,其科里奥利力效应是使断层两盘相互挤压 ,它增加了断层错动时断层面上的摩擦阻力 ,不利于主震能量的充分释放 ,所以余震强度大 ;② 2 0 0 1年 11月 14日昆仑山口西 8.1级地震的发震断层错动以左旋走滑为主 ,受到的科里奥利力使断层两盘相互拉离 ,大小约为 0 .0 6MPa .经过类比分析后认为 ,该地震后期的余震活动水平不会太高 ,整个序列的最大余震震级估计为 6级左右 .更多还原

【Abstract】 Following the theory and definition of the Corioli force in physics, the Corioli force at the site of the M 8.1 Kunlun Mountain earthquake on November 14, 2001, is examined in this paper on the basis of a statistical research on relationship between the Corioli force effect and the maximum aftershock magnitude of 20 M ≥7.5 earthquakes in China mainland, and then the variation tendency of aftershock activity of the M 8.1 earthquake is discussed. The result shows: ① Analyzing the Corioli force effect is an effective method to predict maximum aftershock magnitude of large earthquakes in China mainland. For the sinistral strike slip fault and the reverse fault with its hanging wall moving toward the right side of the cross-focus meridian plane, their Corioli force pulls the two fault walls apart, decreasing frictional resistance on fault plane during the fault movement and releasing elastic energy of the mainshock fully, so the maximum magnitude of aftershocks would be low. For the dextral strike slip fault, its Corioli force presses the two walls against each other and increases the frictional resistance on fault plane, prohibiting energy release of the mainshock, so the maximum magnitude of aftershocks would be high. ② The fault of the M 8.1 Kunlun Mountain earthquake of 14 Nov. 2001 is essentially a sinistral strike slip fault, and the Corioli force pulled the two fault walls apart. Magnitude of the induced stress is about 0.06 MPa. After a comparison analysis, we suggest that the aftershock activity level will not be high in the late period of this earthquake sequence, and the maximum magnitude of future aftershocks is expected to be 6.0.更多还原