【摘要】 根据前人对地幔流体力学数值模拟、全球地震层析成像和火成岩方面的研究成果 ,详细叙述了地幔柱的基本特征 ,即 :地幔柱具有巨大的球状顶冠和细窄尾管的形态 ,具备高温、低粘的物理性质 ,来自 2 90 0km处核 /幔边界附近的“D”层 .大火成岩省 (LIP)是地幔柱到达地表最好的表现形式 .基于地幔柱、大火成岩省的基本特征 ,以及地幔柱和大陆解体的时空关系 ,通过对中国东部中、新生代火成岩的岩石学、地球化学和时空分布特征 ,以及这些火成岩产生的构造背景等方面的研究 ,认为中国东南地区中生代火成岩与典型的地幔柱有关的LIP的基本特征并不符合 ,不能把东南地区中生代火成岩作为典型的与地幔柱活动相关的大火成岩省的实例来看待 ;东北地区新生代火成岩不具备热点、地幔柱活动的典型特征 ,新生代火山活动与地幔柱活动可能没有直接关系 .更多还原

【Abstract】 Based on the former workers′ study results such as numerical simulation of fluid mechanics, seismic tomography of the whole earth and igneous rocks, the basic characte- ristics of mantle plumes are summarized in detail, namely the mantle plume, from the D″ layer near the core-mantle boundary (CMB) 2 900 km deep, is characterized by the shape of large head and thin narrow conduit, by the physical property of high temperature and low viscosity. The LIP (large igneous province) is the best exhibition when the mantle plume ascends to the surface. According to the basic characteristics of the mantle plumes and the LIP, as well as the temporal-spatial relationships between the mantle plume and continental breakup, the detailed research on petrology, geochemistry, temporal-spatial distribution, tectonic background of the Cenozoic-Mesozoic igneous rocks and gravity anomaly distribution in east China has been done. As a result, the Mesozoic igneous rocks in southeast China should not be regarded as an example of typical LIP related to mantle plumes, for their related characteristics are not consistent with those of the typical LIPs related to mantle plumes. The Cenozoic igneous rocks in northeast China have no typical characteristics of mantle plumes and hotspots, so the Cenozoic volcanism in northeast China might have no direct relationships with the activity of mantle plumes.更多还原