【摘要】 分形概念应用在地球科学中来刻画地质变量与地质体自相似特征。研究表明分形模型常常提供有力工具来刻画地质变量和地质体的基本空间分布结构。许多地质现象的频度和大小之间的分布具有尺度不变性,如岩石碎片、断层、地震、火山喷发、矿藏和油井等。中国白垩纪的矿床大量地分布在东北、阴山—燕山、华北地台、秦岭—大别山、扬子地台和东南沿海等6个矿集区,它们是中国白垩纪矿床分布的重要地区,而西北和西南地区已知的白垩纪矿床尚少;中国白垩纪矿床分布具有在时间上集中于早白垩世,在空间上集中于东北和华南的分形特性。以中国白垩纪金矿床为例,对金矿床空间分布进行了分形建模与预测,该方法不仅适用于金矿床,而且还适用于其它矿床,具有普遍的意义。更多还原

【Abstract】 The concepts of fractals are used in the Earth sciences to depict the self-similar characteristics of geological variables and geologic bodies. The fractal model often provides powerful tools for characterizing the basic spatial distribution structure of geological variables and bodies. Many geological phenomena are scale invariant. Examples include frequency-size distributions of rock fragments, faults, earthquakes, volcanic eruption, mineral deposits and oil fields. Cretaceous ore deposits in China are largely distributed in six important mineral deposit-concentration regions, i.e. Northeast China, Paleo-Yinshan-Yanshan, Paleo-Qinling-Dabieshan, Yangtze platform and Southeast coastal region; whereas few deposits of Cretaceous age are known in Northwest China and Southwest China. Some important deposits have been discovered in eastern China. The distribution of Cretaceous deposits in China has the following fractal characteristics: in terms of time, they were concentrated in the Early Cretaceous, and in terms of space, they are mainly located in Northeast and Southeast China. Take for example Cretaceous gold deposits of China, the authors constructed a fractal model of the spatial distribution of gold deposits and predicted the number of gold deposits. The method is applicable not only to gold deposits but also to other ore deposits; so it has universal significance.更多还原