【摘要】 调查了高镉地质背景区蜘蛛(肖蛸科、园蛛科、蟹蛛科和络新妇科)及其生境水体、土壤和植物中的镉含量,探讨了蜘蛛体内镉的来源、影响因子及存在风险。结果表明,研究区蜘蛛体内的平均镉含量为1. 82±1. 37μg/g(n=130),表现为园蛛科>肖蛸科>络新妇科≈蟹蛛科。蜘蛛体重与体内镉含量表现出弱的负相关关系(r=-0. 17,p=0. 08),暗示了蜘蛛生长发育过程中的生物稀释效应。狩猎型蟹蛛科和结网型园蛛科蜘蛛体内镉含量与对应土壤镉含量呈显著正相关关系(r=0. 61,0. 97),并且它们对土壤的生物富集因子均大于1,表明这两类蜘蛛可以用来指示土壤镉污染。生物有毒物质残留指数显示,研究区蜘蛛受高镉地质背景影响,体内存在着一定的镉暴露风险。更多还原

【Abstract】 The cadmium concentrations in spiders( Tetragnathidae,Araneidae,Thomisidae,and Nephilidae) of a high cadmium geological background region and in their dwelling environment compartments( water,soils and plants) were investigated to discuss sources,influencing factors and exposure risks of cadmium in spiders. The results showed that cadmium concentrations in spiders followed a decreasing order of Araneidae > Tetragnathidae > Nephilidae ≈ Thomisidae,with an average of 1. 82 ± 1. 37 μg/g( n = 130).A weak negative correlation( r =-0. 17,p = 0. 08) between the cadmium concentration in spider and the weight of spider was observed,which may be resulted in the bio-dilution effect. Significant positive correlations( r = 0. 61,0. 97) between the cadmium concentration in soil and those in Thomisidae and Araneidae were observed. The bioaccumulation factors of cadmium in these two species were greater than 1,suggesting these two species could be selected as biomarkers for cadmium pollution in soil. The biological index for toxicant residues( β) indicated that the cadmium exposure risk of spiders in regions of the high geological background of cadmium should be noted.更多还原