【摘要】 为了探究不同改良材料添加对紫色土吸附Cu²⁺的影响,将活性炭（C）、麦饭石（M）、硅藻土（D）、膨润土（B）和活性硅酸钙（S）5种改良材料分别以1%和2%（质量比）添加到紫色土（P）中,形成P-C_1%和P-C_2%（紫色土+1%和2%活性炭,下同）、P-M_1%和P-M_2%、P-D_1%和P-D_2%、P-B_1%和P-B_2%、P-S_1%和P-S_2%10种混合土样（P为对照）。批处理法研究不同混合土样对Cu²⁺的等温吸附和热力学特征,并对比不同温度、pH和离子强度下的吸附差异。结果表明:（1）各供试混合土样对Cu²⁺的吸附符合Langmuir等温吸附模型,且最大吸附量q_m在65.02～131.34 mmol/kg之间。相同添加比例下,Cu²⁺的吸附量均呈现出P-B>P-D>P-C>P-S>P-M的趋势,且2%添加时效果更佳。（2）温度从20℃增加至40℃时,除P-C以外,其余混合土样对Cu²⁺的吸附量均随温度的升高而增加。热力学参数表明各混合土样对Cu²⁺的吸附是一个自发、吸热和熵增的过程。（3）pH在3～5范围内,各供试混合土样对Cu²⁺的吸附量均随pH的升高而增大（P-S除外）。随着离子强度的增加,各混合土样对Cu²⁺的吸附量均表现出先增大后减少的趋势,以0.10 mol/L时最大。更多还原

【Abstract】 In order to explore effects of different amendment materials on adsorption of Cu²⁺ on purple soil, amendment materials, activated carbon（C）, maifanite（M）, diatomite（D）, bentonite（B） and active calcium silicate（S）, were added respectively into purple soils with a mass ratio of 1% or 2% to prepare ten mixed soil samples, named as P-C_1% and P-C_2%（purple soil mixed with 1% and 2% activated carbon, similarly hereinafter）, P-M_1% and P-M_2%, P-D_1% and P-D_2%, P-B_1% and P-B_2%, P-S_1% and P-S_2%（P as a contrast）, and the batch method was used to study isothermal adsorptions and thermodynamic characteristics of Cu²⁺ on different mixed soil samples under different temperatures, pH values and ionic strengths. The results showed that:（1） The adsorption isotherms of Cu²⁺ on all mixed soil samples could be fit well with the Langmuir model, and the fitted maximum adsorption capacities were between 65.02 and 131.34 mmol/kg. The adsorption capacities of soil samples with the same amendment adding ratio to Cu²⁺ showed a trend of P-B>P-D>P-C>P-S>P-M, and this trend was more prominent in the scenario of 2% amendment adding.（2） When the experimental temperature increased from 20 ℃ to 40 ℃, adsorption capacities of all mixed soil samples, except P-C samples, increased. The thermodynamic parameters indicated that adsorption of Cu²⁺ by mixed soil samples is a spontaneous, endothermic and entropy increased process.（3） The adsorption capacities of all mixed soil samples, except P-S, increased as pH increasing within the pH range of 3-5. Adsorption capacities of all mixed soil samples increased as the ionic strength increasing until 0.1 mol/L, and then decreased.更多还原