【摘要】 鲁迅的文学成就部分得益于古文,因为经典古文发挥了汉语美学的特长,然而鲁迅却极力反对古文,因此受到质疑。但鲁迅其实不是讨论文学写作。现代化以科技为基础,而科技要求语文精密严谨,这却是古文无法达到的,所以中国现代化也要求语文改革。从"硬译"和引进欧化语法的主张看来,鲁迅反对古文是要中国语文能够精密严谨的意思,符合现代社会要求,并非考虑文章是否写得好。语文改革同时也为了"改造国民性",也是中国现代化的要求。语文跟国民精神有联系,也是洪堡特的观点。尽管鲁迅实验性的"硬译"和欧化不是完全成功,但欧化语法词汇已成中国现代语文的组成部分,尤其经过建国后的语文建设和规范,中国语文已成为一种现代世界的语言。"硬译"和语文欧化的弊病是中西交流不可完全避免的现象,若回归古文又不讲究现代语法,既不能解决问题,也丢弃历来语文现代化的成果。更多还原

【Abstract】 Lu Xun’s literary success was partly due to his training in classical writings because exemplary classical writings manifest the aesthetic specialty of classical language. However,Lu Xun was against classical writing and was criticised because of this.Actually,Lu Xun was not discussing the literary writing.The modernization of China requires the reform of language.Taking his advocacy for"hard translation"and the introduction of European grammar into account,the reason for Lu Xun’s opposition to classical writing was to promote that Chinese language should express accurately and strictly.It met the demand of modern society.At the same time,the reform of Chinese language is for the purpose of "transforming the national character",which is also the requirement of China’s modernization.Wilhelm von Humboldt had the same opinion about language’s association with national spirit.Although Lu Xun’s experimental "hard translation"and Europeanization are not completely successful,Europeanized grammar and vocabulary have become an integral part of modern Chinese.Especially after the reform and standardization since 1949,Chinese language has become a language accepted by modern world.Language problems created by "hard translation"and Europeanization cannot be completely avoided in EastWest cultural exchange.If we seek help from restoring classical learning without paying proper attention to modern grammar,not only those problems cannot be solved,but also the achievements of past efforts in Chinese language modernization will be abandoned.更多还原