【摘要】 新生代以来,印度板块与欧亚大陆的碰撞和持续的汇聚在青藏高原西北部的帕米尔地区造成了强烈的陆内变形,形成一系列典型的构造地貌。文章在卫片解译、DEM数据处理的基础上,结合野外地质、地貌观察与测量,对帕米尔东北缘的构造地貌与活动构造特征进行了研究,取得以下认识:1)在英吉沙地区,通过测量地貌变形面计算出英吉沙背斜隆起高度约为230m,并利用面积平衡法估算出英吉沙背斜的最小构造缩短量约为110m,参考前人的年代学数据计算出英吉沙背斜在中更新世以来的最低隆升速率约为0.23mm/a,最小构造缩短速率约为0.11mm/a;2)在帕米尔前缘,乌泊尔断裂为一条伴随右旋走滑分量的逆冲断裂,该断裂的右旋走滑作用错断了古近纪地层及流过断裂的河流,通过测量单次地震造成的水系错断量并参考前人研究的该地区大震复发周期约为1000年,估算出该断裂的平均走滑速率为4.0～6.8mm/a,并推测断裂开始活动的时间大约在2.2～3.0Ma以前;3)对喀什地区构造地貌特征的观察与研究表明,明尧勒-喀什背斜和阿图什-踏浪河背斜可能分别为帕米尔东北缘西昆仑山山前冲断带和西南天山山前冲断带的前缘,该地区以西,帕米尔东北缘西昆仑山和西南天山两大构造系统已经发生了碰撞和拼贴。更多还原

【Abstract】 The collision and continuous convergence between the India Plate and the Eurasia continent since Cenozoic caused intense intracontinental deformation in Pamir area, northwest margin of Qinghai-Tibet Plateau. A series of characteristic tectonic landforms was formed in this region. Based on the interpretation of satellite images, processing of DEM data,and field investigations,tectonic geomorphology and active tectonics in north Eastern Pamir were studied in this paper. The preliminary results are as follows : ( 1 ) The uplift height of Yingjisha Anticline was estimated to be approximately 230m by measuring its deformation amount in Yingjisha area. By the area-balance theory,the minimum shortening amount of Yingjisha Anticline was calculated to be about 110m. According to the previous researchers’ chronological data, the minimum uplift rate and minimum shorting rate since Middle Pleistocene of Yingjisha Anticline were calculated to be 0.23 mm/a and 0.11 mm/a respectively. (2) The Upar Fault,which lies in the piedmont of Pamir, is a thrust with dextral strike-slip movement component. This dextral strike-slip thrust offset Paleogene strata and rivers flowing through the fault. By measuring offset amount of drainages caused by single earthquake event and considering the about 1000 years recurrence time of large earthquake resulted from previous researches, we estimate the average strike-slip rate of the fault as 4.0 ～ 6.8 mm/a,and the fault is believed to start at ca. 2.2 ～ 3.0Ma. (3)Detailed field surveying of tectonic landform features indicate that Mingyaole - Kashi Anticline is the forefront of thrust belt in the piedmont of north Eastern Pamir-West Kunlun and Atushi - Talanghe Anticline is the forefront of thrust beh in the piedmont of south Western Tianshan. The two large tectonic systems of north Eastern Pamir- West Kunlun Mountains and south Western Tianshan have collided in the west of this region.更多还原