【摘要】 目的调查汶川地震救援军人在不同时期创伤后应激障碍的发病率及心理健康状况。方法采用创伤后应激障碍量表平民版(PCL-C)和症状自评量表(SCL-90)的抑郁、焦虑和躯体化3个因子在地震后3、12、18个月用整群随机抽样法抽取某部队的救援军人进行调查。结果在3、12、18个月时:①救援军人PTSD总分≥38分的比率分别为23.80%、14.86%、3.27%,PTSD发病率显著降低(χ2=28.386,P=0.000);②救援军人的再体验(F=23.377,P=0.000)、回避(F=37.649,P=0.000)、高唤醒(F=28.522,P=0.000)以及PTSD总分(F=37.545,P=0.000)均显著降低,PTSD的17个条目症状显著降低,且都具有显著差异(P<0.05);③救援军人的抑郁(F=8.021,P=0.000)、焦虑(F=8.537,P=0.000)和躯体化(F=4.306,P=0.000)得分显著降低。结论汶川地震救援军人创伤后应激障碍发病率呈现逐渐下降趋势,心理健康状况逐渐好转,这为今后制定救援后不同时期军人心理健康维护方案提供了依据。更多还原

【Abstract】 Objective To investigate the incidence of posttraumatic stress disorder(PTSD)and mental health in rescue servicemen after Wenchuan earthquake.Methods Depression,anxiety and somatization of rescue servicemen in 3,12 and 18 months after Wenchuan earthquake were investigated by random sampling using the PTSD checklist-civilian version(PCL-C)and self-report symptom checklist 90(SCL-90).Results The incidence of PTSD in rescue servicemen with their PTSD ≥ 38 was 23.80%,14.86% and 3.27%,respectively,in 3,12 and 18 months after Wenchuan earthquake(Chi square=28.386,P=0.000).The re-experience(F=23.377,P=0.000),avoidance reaction(F=37.649,P=0.000),regain of consciousness(F=28.522,P=0.000),total PTSD score as well as its 17 consciousness indicators,depression(F=8.021,P=0.000),anxiety(F=8.537,P=0.000)and somatization(F=4.306,P=0.000)were also significantly decreased in rescue servicemen in 3,12 and 18 months after Wenchuan earthquake.Conclusion The incidence of PTSD shows a tendency to decrease and the mental health of rescue servicemen improves gradually after Wenchuan earthquake,thus providing the evidence for working out the program of maintaining the mental health of rescue servicemen after rescue.更多还原