【摘要】 上地幔速度间断面的存在形态及其性质的研究对于理解地球构造运动以及地球内部物质运移过程具有重要意义.针对上地幔中可能存在的300km速度间断面,本文收集日本Hi-net地震台网所记录的2004年以来、震源深度在145～219km之间、且震级为mb5.0～6.0之间的6个汤加—斐济地区地震的波形资料.利用4次根倾斜叠加方法对收集到的波形资料进行叠加处理,获得了相应的叠加灰度图,从中提取的离源下行的SdP次生转换震相,进而据此确认了汤加—斐济地区下方的300km深度附近的速度界面.因该界面起伏较小,更倾向于该界面为辉石的斜方到高压单斜相变面;同时基于转换震相的强度差异,我们发现该界面速度跃变量要大于410km间断面,因而俯冲带的化学分异和脱水过程产生的较轻物质可能在该界面处形成一定的聚集,使得汤加—斐济地区的该界面更容易被观测到.更多还原

【Abstract】 The upper-mantle discontinuities are important for understanding the tectonics and the material transportation in the Earth′s interior.In order to retrieve the SdP conversion phases from the possible 300 km discontinuity,the waveform data of six earthquakes with focal depths between 145 and 219 km and mb5.0~6.0 since 2004 are collected from Hi-net of Japan.The data are processed by 4-th root slant stack method to get the vespegrams which are used to pick the SdP phases based on the theoretical differential times and slownesses.The conversion points related to the SdP phases show that there is a clear and flat velocity interface around 300 km which means the interface is preferred as the orthorhombic to high-pressure monoclinic phase transition of(Mg,Fe)SiO3 pyroxene.What′s more,the velocity contrast of the interface is larger than the 410 km discontinuity,which means that the light chemical differentiation or slab dehydration from the subduction zone accumulated at the interface and makes the interface beneath the Tonga-Fiji more detectable.更多还原