【摘要】 微震,是指微小的震动.在不同应用领域微震大小的尺度划分也各不相同.对于这种微小的地震信号在许多领域都有广泛的应用,例如金属矿山、油田、火山和地震预报等.随着近年来信息技术高速发展,微震监测技术被广泛应用到地下工程当中,如油田开发、矿山的安全生产、隧道的施工建设、水库大坝的选址等诸多方面,并逐渐工程化、系统化,形成实时监测微震的可视化系统.此外,利用自然界大量的微震现象,可以通过震源定位、速度和衰减成像等方法研究大断裂、火山活动、地震的发生发展趋势以及震源机制等.本文总结了各类微震技术与方法,并分析各种方法的优点和存在的问题.另外分类整理了微震在各个领域的应用,分析其不同应用领域下的微震时频率域特征和研究方法.最后得出结论微震技术无论是在科学研究还是工程生产中都起着非常重要的作用.更多还原

【Abstract】 Microseism means a small earthquake.Scale division of microseism size is also not same in different application fields.For this kind of tiny signal,it has a wide range of application,such as metal mines,oil fields,volcanoes and earthquake prediction and so on.With the rapid development of information technology in recent years,microseismic monitoring technology is widely applied to underground projects such as development of oil-field,mine safety production,tunnel construction,reservoir dam site selection,and gradually engineering,systematization,form real-time microseismic monitoring visualization system.In addition,through the use of a large number of nature microseism phenomenon we can research on tectonic fault,volcanic activity,earthquake occurred,development tendency and focal mechanism by the method of velocity and attenuation tomography.This paper summarizes various research methods of microseism,and analysis the strengths and weaknesses of them.At the same time,classify microseism application in various fields,and analyzes the microseismic characteristics of time-frequency domain in different application fields.At last,make a conclusion that microseismic technology plays an important role both in scientific research and in the engineering.更多还原