【摘要】 地震勘探的目的是为了获得地下构造的精确成像.由于人为因素和环境原因,地震数据在空间方向上往往是不规则采样或缺失采样的,这可能会在数据处理时产生假象,最终导致错误的解释.因此经常需要在空间方向对缺失的地震数据进行重建.重建问题可以看作是一个反演问题,即从不完整的地震数据中重建出完整的地震波场.本文重点研究了国内外比较成熟的地震数据重建方法,如基于滤波的重建方法、基于波场延拓算子的重建方法、基于变换域的重建方法以及相干倾角插值等方法,分析了这些方法的优缺点,以及目前地震数据重建所面临的挑战.更多还原

【Abstract】 The objective of exploration seismology is to obtain an accurate image of the subsurface.However,due to human-related reasons and environmental circumstances,seismic data are usually irregularly sampled or missing sampled in spatial domain.This may introduce artifacts during data processing,and lead to erroneously interpretation.Therefore,we need to reconstruct missing seismic data along spatial direction.The reconstruction problem can be treated as an inverse problem where from inadequate and incomplete data we attempt to reconstruct the full seismic wavefield at positions where datum were not acquired.In this paper,the seismic data reconstruction methods in the industry are reviewed,including the filter based reconstruction,wavefield operator based reconstruction,transformation based reconstruction and coherent angle interpolation.We discuss the advantages and disadvantages of these methods,as well as current challenges to seismic data reconstruction.更多还原