【摘要】 地震信号属于非线性和非平稳信号,传统的分析方法主要包括短时傅立叶变换、小波变换和Cohen类时频分布等等;希尔伯特-黄变换是分析非平稳信号的新方法,该方法的关键部分是信号的经验模态分解,通过经验模态分解,复杂的信号可以分解为有限的数量很少的几个固有模态函数,从而可以得到信号的希尔伯特时频谱;将该方法应用于单个的地震道数据,可以对地震道进行经验模态分解并得到希尔伯特谱,应用于地震剖面,可以得到意义更加明确的瞬时频率和瞬时振幅等地震属性,模型试算和实际应用表明了该方法的有效性.更多还原

【Abstract】 Seismic data are nonlinear and nonstationary signals,traditional analysis methods include short-time Fourier transform,wavelet analysis,Cohen’s class timefrequency analysis and so on;Hilbert-Huang transform is a new kind of method to analyze nonstationary signals,the key part of the method is the empirical mode decomposition(EMD) method with which any complicated data set can be decomposed into a finite and often small number of intrinsic mode functions(IMFs) that admit well-behaved Hilbert transforms.Use it to a seismic trace,the EMD decomposes trace into several IMFs and instantaneous frequency of the trace are required;Use it to a seismic section,it provides instantaneous frequency and instantaneous phase seismic attributes which are more meaningful than before;Model test and actual application have shown the validity of this method.更多还原