【摘要】 大陆岩石圈的伸展作用是块体分裂，大陆解体和漂移过程中必需的第一步，而伸展作用的模式则取决于驱动力系和大陆岩石圈的反响，所以不同类型裂谷的形成与地球深部地壳与地幔结构，深层过程及其力学机制密切相关．这是回答控制大陆生长与为什么会开裂的关键所在．本文在研究了系列裂谷构造的基点上，阐述了大陆裂谷的特点，地壳与地幔构造背景和地球物理场特征．论述了裂谷形成和其分类，讨论了我国攀西裂谷和莱茵地堑的深层过程．由于裂谷构造与资源，地震灾害关切，又是大陆上最为活跃的部位，故在大陆动力学研究中占有重要地位．最后针对东亚大陆动力学研究主题，对将使用的研究方法与手段和主要的研究内含进行了讨论．大陆伸展与裂谷作用的研究对地球科学以及跨学科的近代成就和高、新技术的依赖性颇强，然而野外观测与实验室内测试及模拟是不可缺少的、因为信息与信息量的缺乏是任何数学技巧所无法弥补的，更多还原

【Abstract】 It is necessary step in plates separation、 continental dissolution and drift that the ex-tension of lithosphere takes placc. The module of extension action is dependent upon theresponse of drive mechanical system and lithosphere. So the formation of different rifts hasvery close relation with deep crust and mantle structure、 the process and the mechanism.This is a key answer to continenta1 growth and separation.Our research is based on the study of serial rift structure, describing the characteris-tics of continental rift、 the background of crust and mantle and the character ofgeophysical field, depicting the formation of and the classification of rift, discussing theprocess of Panxi rift and Laiying graben. The rift structure is very active position of contin-ent and also has relation with mineral resources and earthquake. It takes very importantrole in the research of continental dynamics. In the last section, we discuss thedriplication、 the methodology of main research.The research of continental extension and rift activity is strongly dependent upon highand new technology of contemporary geoscience. The measurement in field、 themeasurement and the simulation in lab are imperative. The lack of information can not becompensated by any kinds of mathe matics technique.更多还原