【摘要】 利用美国国家和海洋大气管理局(NOAA)的大气温度数据,分析陆地地震和海洋地震震前震中上空的大气温度变化,研究其作为地震短临前兆的可能性.地震样本包括2014年2月12日于田Ms7.3地震、2008年5月12日汶川Ms8.0地震、2011年3月11日日本Ms9.0地震、2014年4月1日智利Ms8.1海洋地震、2013年3月27日台湾南投县Ms6.1地震和2014年5月30日云南盈江Ms6.1地震.结果表明:(1)震前,震中位置300~1 000hPa大气温度有较为一致的变化趋势;(2)200hPa与400hPa处(根据不同地点可选择其他,诸如350hPa、300hPa等高度数据)温度折线图在震前趋近或者相交,出现类似蝴蝶翅膀的"蝴蝶形"特殊曲线形状;(3)200hPa与400hPa温度差等值线图在(震前数月、数周或数天不等)震中附近区域的数值减小,温度差等值线图的塌陷最低点对应震中位置.以上规律有望应用于地震短临预测的时间与震中的确定.更多还原

【Abstract】 Air temperature variation over the epicenter before terrestrial and marine earthquakes is analyzed and its possibility being applied in short-term and impending earthquake prediction is examined.The data obtained from the National Oceanic and Atmospheric Administration(NOAA)in different height scales with hPa unit are analyzed.Earthquake samples include the earthquakes in Yutian(Ms7.3,February 12 th,2014),Wenchuan(Ms8.0,May 12 th,2008),Japan(Ms9.0,March 11 th,2011),Chile marine earthquake(Ms8.0,April 1st,2014),(Nantou Ms6.1,March 27 th,2013),and Yingjiang(Ms6.1,May 30 th,2014).The results show:(1)atmospheric temperature has more consistent trends at 300-1 000 hPa in the epicenter before earthquake;(2)the line charts of200 hPa and 400 hPa temperature exhibit a graph with approaching and intersection(we can choose other height data such as 350 hPa,300hPa,etc.according to various locations)approaching earthquake occurring time.This special curve shape is similar to butterfly wings and be called as"butterfly pattern";(3)the values of the air temperature difference between 200 hPa and 400 hPa are reduced in contour map near the epicenter area(a few months,weeks or several days before the earthquake).The lowest point of collapse in the contour map of air temperature difference corresponds to epicenter.The regularity is expected to be applied to predict on time and epi-center in short-term and impending earthquake.更多还原