【摘要】 目的设计并实现一种应急医疗救援仿真系统,通过模拟不同条件下的救援过程,为优化救援策略与医疗资源配置提供参考。方法利用Stateflow工具构建包括伤员到达、检伤分类(分为"紧急组"和"非紧急组"两类,记为A类和B类)及救治模块的主模拟单元,然后添加相应的事件及响应函数。在Simulink中建立系统参数输入与特性显示单元,最后模拟并分析两种救援策略下的伤员救治过程(策略1:B类伤员进入等待人数最少的救治模块等待救治;策略2:B类伤员进入救治模块工作量最少的救治模块等待救治)。结果系统能够模拟不同策略的医疗救援过程。两种策略中,A类伤员均能得到及时救治;策略1中B类伤员等待时间短但救治人员工作强度大,策略2中B类伤员等待时间较长但救治人员的工作强度低。结论通过对实际难以展开的应急医疗救援过程进行模拟,验证了系统的可行性、有效性;不同救援策略在伤员等待时间与救援人员工作强度方面各有优劣,实际救援中指挥人员可将两种策略结合使用,以实现伤员等待时间与救援人员工作强度间的动态平衡。更多还原

【Abstract】 Objective To design an emergency medical rescue simulation system,and to provide reference for optimizing rescue strategy and medical resource allocation by simulating different rescue conditions.Methods Firstly,Stateflow was used to build the main simulation unit,which included arrival of the wounded,classification of the wounded(emergent[type A]and non-emergent[type B]),and medical treatment modules,and then the related event and response function were appended.Secondly,the system parameter input unit and character display unit were set up in Simulink.Finally two different medical treatment strategies(strategy 1:type B wounded waiting for treatment in the rescue module with least waiting patients;strategy 2:type B wounded waiting for treatment in the rescue module with least workload)were simulated and the corresponding rescue strategies were analyzed.Results The system could simulate the medical rescue process of different strategies.The type A wounded could be rescued in a timely manner in both strategies.Type B wounded had a shorter waiting time in strategy 1,but the rescuers had a heavy work load;while they had a longer waiting time in strategy 2,and the rescuers had a lighter work load.Conclusion We have successfully designed a simulation system for emergency medical rescue and its feasibility and effectiveness are verified.Different rescue strategies have their respective advantages and disadvantages in the waiting time and work load,and the two strategies can be combined in practice in order to achieve a dynamic balance between the waiting time of the wounded and the work load of the rescuers.更多还原