【摘要】 云南是中国大陆地区地震活动最多、灾害最重的省份之一。历史时期,云南地震灾害的发生已相当频繁,灾情严重。具体言之,其时空分布表现为:自清代迄至民国的近三百年间,破坏性地震(M≥4.75)主要集中于乾隆年间和民国时期;地理空间分布则主要集中在滇西、滇南一带,滇中次之,即迤西的大理、丽江及其属县地震最为频发,且为灾甚巨。面对地震灾害,政府和民间社会已形成了一套应对的机制。在政府层面,其应对措施主要是灾后赈济与重建。在民间社会层面,由于地震频发,地方社会对之有所预感,并有初步的应急措施,还在地震前后采取祈祷禳灾的方式,而民间的慈善救济也是地方社会应对地震灾害的重要措施。更多还原

【Abstract】 Yunnan is one of the provinces with the most seismic activities and the heaviest disasters in mainland China.In the historical period,the occurrence of earthquakes in Yunnan Province was quite frequent,and the disaster situation was severe.Specifically,the spatial and temporal distribution was as follows: the devastating earthquakes(M≥ 4.75)were mainly concentrated from the reign of Emperor Qianlong to the Republic of China for about 300 years(1659-1949);and geographical distribution was mainly concentrated in western Yunnan and southern Yunnan,and then central Yunnan,showing that Dali and Lijiang and the counties nearby had the most frequent earthquakes with huge disasters.Facing the earthquake disasters,the government and non-government society formed a set of response mechanism.At the government level,the response was mainly post-disaster relief and reconstruction.At the civil society level,due to the frequent occurrence of earthquakes,the local community had the premonition of earthquakes and took the preliminary emergency procedures.At the same time,the folk charitable relief was an important measure for the local community to deal with earthquake disasters.更多还原