【摘要】 矿业城市受到矿山开发与城市扩张的双重影响,生态环境遭到严重破坏,水环境问题尤为突出。本文以煤矿城市河南省鹤壁市为研究区,根据汤河流域1970—2015年土地利用覆被时空变化特征设定5种不同时期土地利用情景,采用SWAT模型模拟分析5期土地利用/覆被变化的水文效应以及变化规律。研究结果显示,1970—2015年间,土地利用变化引起流域内蒸散发量、土壤下渗量和地下径流量年均分别减少-1. 48 mm、-0.38 mm、-0.29 mm,地表径流量年均增加0.76 mm,汛期与非汛期径流增加;在不同水文年份,土地利用变化对平水年的年径流影响最为明显,对枯水年年径流的影响大于丰水年。本文主要提出了以矿业城市土地利用变化对水循环的影响,该方法对矿区范围内水资源的科学管理具有一定的参考意义。更多还原

【Abstract】 Industrial and Mining cities are affected by mine development and urban expansion,land use and vegetation cover changes rapidly in time and space,the ecological destruction is serious,and the water environment is particularly prominent. This article takes the coal mine city of Hebi of He’nan Province as the research area,this paper sets up 5 kinds of land use situations based on the trend of land use change from 1970 to 2015 of Tanghe basin,using SWAT model to simulate and analysis the hydrological effects of land use and vegetation cover. Then the variation rules of hydrological elements under different land use scenarios are analyzed and predicted.The results show that during 1970-2015 land use change has caused the number of Evapotranspiration,Soil infiltration,and Underground runoff reduced by -1.48 mm,-0.38 mm and-0.29 mm in annual average,while the runoff increased 0.76 mm in annual average,and the increase was mainly observed in runoff during the flooding season,annual runoff differed from year to year. In normal hydrological years,the response to changes in land use was the most significant and the greatest in amplitude. The response was greater in dry years than in flooding years. This paper mainly puts forward the influence of land use change on the water cycle in mining cities,which has some reference significance for the scientific management of water resources within the mining area.更多还原