【摘要】 采用模型法模拟水稻热害过程是研究水稻热害的重要途径,而找到用于模拟的参数是开展这一工作的前提。本试验于2017年采用日本研制的水稻冠层微气象测定仪MINCER,捕获不同温度耐性水稻品种(耐/感)开花期在高温条件下的冠层微气象参数,并与试验地点附近国家基本气象站观察的数据(对照)进行对比。结果表明,与对照点相比,热害发生时,白天(9∶00—19∶00)耐性品种N22水稻冠层内部温度低1.6℃、相对湿度高12.4个百分点,晚间(20∶00—5∶00)水稻冠层内部温度低0.6℃、相对湿度高1.8个百分点;白天感性品种IR64水稻冠层内部温度低1.6℃、相对湿度高16.2个百分点,晚间感性品种IR64水稻冠层内部温度低0.8℃、相对湿度高2.3个百分点。热害发生时,田间水稻冠层内的温湿度与大气环境具有差异,且温湿度变化幅度白天大于夜间,在部分时段出现了冠层内温度高于对照点的异常现象。上述结果说明,未来设定水稻热害鉴定条件、模拟水稻热害受害过程及利用数学模型模拟热害胁迫时,对于白天和夜间的气象条件应加以区分,同时模拟时利用的气象数据应主要以冠层处为准,这对于提高模型预测的准确性具有重要意义。更多还原

【Abstract】 Modeling the rice heat damage process is an important way to study rice heat damage, and finding the parameters for simulation is the prerequisite for this work. In 2017, this experiment adopted the rice canopy micro-meteorological instrument MINCER developed in Japan to capture the canopy micro-meteorological parameters of different temperature-tolerant rice varieties(resistant/sensitive) at high temperature, and compared with the basic meteorological conditions in the vicinity of the test site. The results showed that, compared with the control point, when the heat damage occurred, the canopy temperature of the heat resistant variety N22 was decreased by 1.6 ℃, the relative humidity was increased by 12.4 percentage point during 9 ∶00—19∶00; the canopy temperature was decreased by 0.6 ℃, the relative humidity was increased by 1.8 percentage point during 20 ∶00—5∶00; the canopy temperature of the sensitive variety IR64 was decreased by 1.6 ℃, the relative humidity was increased by 16.2 percentage point during 9∶00—19∶00; the canopy temperature was decreased by 0.6 ℃ and the relative humidity was increased by 2.3 percentage point during 20 ∶00—5 ∶00.When the heat damage occurs, the temperature and humidity in the rice canopy are different from the atmospheric environment, and the variation of the temperature and humidity in the daytime was greater than at nighttime, the canopy temperature was even higher than the control point sometimes. The results indicated that in the future, when setting the conditions for rice heat damage identification, simulating the damage process of rice heat damage and using mathematical models to simulate heat damage, the meteorological conditions should be distinguished between day and night, and the meteorological data used in the simulation should be mainly based on the canopy data, which is of great significance for improving the accuracy of model prediction.更多还原