【摘要】 高加索三叶草（Trifolium ambiguum）是豆科三叶草属中唯一具有地下根蘖的多年生牧草,它具有发达的地下根蘖和极强的克隆生长能力。本研究对返青期、分枝期、初花期和盛花期的高加索三叶草地上植株生长,以及地下根蘖性状和其根系不同部位的内源激素含量进行测定。结果表明,1)株丛高度、根蘖分枝数、根蘖株丛数和根蘖幅度均随着生育期的推进而增大,且4个时期株丛高度与根蘖幅度比值均近似为1。2)不同生育期,盛花期时根部激素总含量最高;同一生育期下,不同激素总含量相比,返青期和初花期生长素IAA含量较高,分别为2.88和6.25μg·g^–1;分枝期与盛花期脱落酸ABA含量较高,分别为3.75和9.63μg·g^–1。3)返青期、分枝期和盛花期膨大无芽部位的赤霉素GA3、IAA和ABA含量均高于膨大有芽部位,种激素协同作用抑制根蘖芽的产生;各部位IAA含量在生育期内呈现"先降低再升高"的趋势,玉米素ZT含量为逐渐升高趋势,膨大有芽部位与水平根的ABA含量则表现为"先升高再降低再升高"的"N"型变化趋势。4)GA3含量与根蘖分枝数、ABA含量与根蘖幅度、根蘖株丛数均呈极显著正相关关系,相关系数分别为0.942、0.899和0.813。这一研究有利于掌握高加索三叶草根蘖性状的发生特征,为研究激素对其根蘖性状发生的调控机制奠定基础。更多还原

【Abstract】 Caucasian clover（Trifolium ambiguum） is the only perennial grass with the roots of the genus Trifolium. It has developed underground roots and a strong clonal growth ability. Plant growth on the Caucasus clover was analyzed at the regreening, branching, flowering, and full-blossom stages in this experiment. The rhizome and endogenous hormone content in different parts of the root system were determined. The results showed that 1) plant height, branching number, bundle number, and rhizome amplitude all increased with the growth over the growth period; the ratio of the height to amplitude was approximately 1 at all four stages. 2) Among different growth stages, the root hormone content was highest at the fullflowering stage. Compared with the total amount of different hormones in the same growth period, the IAA content was highest at the regreening and flowering(2.88 and 6.25 μg·g^–1, respectively). Compared to the total amount of different hormones in the same period, at the branching stage and full-blossom stages, the ABA content was highest(3.75 and 9.63μg·g^–1, respectively). 3) Barring the flowering stage, the contents of GA3, IAA, and ABA at the other three stages of swollen non-buds were higher than those of swollen buds. Three kinds of hormones reacted together to inhibit the burgeoning of rhizome buds in swollen parts. IAA in all three parts firstly decreased and then increased with the progress of growth period,while ZT was continuously increased. ABA content with swollen buds and horizontal roots followed an N-type trend（updown-up）. 4) GA3 was significantly positively correlated with branching number, as was ABA with amplitude, and bundle number; their correlation coefficients were 0.942, 0.899, and 0.813, respectively. This study is helpful to ascertain the characteristics of rhizome traits of the Caucasian clover, which gives a foundation for elucidation of the regulation mechanism of hormones and the occurrence of specific rhizome characteristics.更多还原