【摘要】 内蒙古草地遥感监测评价研究,对国家实施的生态工程效益评价及相关政策调整具有重要意义。本研究选取内蒙古作为研究范围,基于卫星遥感数据、地面气象观测数据及其他相关统计资料,利用像元二分模型估算内蒙古草地覆盖度,分析2001–2016年内蒙古草地覆盖度的时空变化格局及其对气候因子的响应,对内蒙古实施退牧还草工程以来的草地植被恢复和长势进行定量监测与动态评价,以期揭示草地植被的恢复状况和草原生态系统的改善情况。研究结果表明,2001–2016年内蒙古草地覆盖度总体上呈现出由东北向西南逐渐递减的空间分布格局,草地覆盖度平均值为37.90%;草地覆盖度变化呈现出明显的经向地带性,其中东北部草原区最大,中部典型草原区次之,西部荒漠草原区最低;时间格局上,草地覆盖度变化总体上呈波动上升趋势,从2001年的35%到2016年的38.84%,增加了10.97%;草地覆盖度与年均温的平均相关系数为0.058(P> 0.05),与年总降水量的平均相关系数为0.269(P> 0.05),表明内蒙古草地覆盖度与年均温和年降水量间相关性均不显著。更多还原

【Abstract】 The monitoring of remote sensing and research on the grasslands of Inner Mongolia is of great significance for the implementation of the national ecological engineering evaluation and related policy adjustments. In this study, Inner Mongolia is selected as the research scope, based on satellite remote sensing data, ground meteorological observation data and other statistical data. For which, we used the dimidiate pixel model to estimate the grassland coverage, analyze the spatial and temporal pattern of the grassland coverage from 2001 to 2016, and evaluate the responses to the changing climate factors. The restoration of grassland vegetation and the growth trends of the grassland have been quantitatively monitored and dynamically evaluated, which effectively reveals the restoration of grassland vegetation and the improvement of the grassland ecosystem. The results showed that the spatial distribution pattern of the grassland coverage in Inner Mongolia,over a 15 year period, gradually decreased from the northeast to the southwest, and the average annual grassland coveragewas 37.90% with obvious meridional zonation. The grassland coverage of the northeast grassland area is the largest, the central steppe area is the second, and the western desert grassland area is the lowest. Overall, the trend increased with fluctuation. The grassland coverage increased from 35% to 38.84% during the study period. The average correlation coefficients between the grassland coverage and temperature is 0.058(P > 0.05) and between grassland coverage and annual total precipitation is 0.269(P > 0.05), indicating that grassland coverage was not significantly correlated with temperature and precipitation in Inner Mongolia.更多还原