【摘要】 基于地方政府间引资竞争视角,细致考察了环境污染对劳动力价格扭曲的影响及作用机制。利用中国家庭追踪调查微观数据,借助随机前沿分析方法(SFA)测度出微观个体层面的劳动力价格扭曲程度,扭曲均值约为37%。研究发现,环境污染显著加剧劳动力价格扭曲,牺牲环境质量的经济发展方式并未提高个体劳动者经济福利。环境污染损害健康人力资本,降低劳动生产率,同时地方政府引资竞争存在对环境标准和劳动条件的"竞次效应",导致高污染排放强度和低实际工资率并存的现象,污染企业作为环境恶化的市场主体,未能充分承担污染环境的社会成本。工具变量估计支持上述结论,在考虑不同污染指标、经济规模以及企业所有制异质性后,结论仍然稳健。研究有助于深入理解环境污染对收入分配的实际效应。更多还原

【Abstract】 From the perspective of competition in attracting investment among local governments,this paper carefully examined the causal effect of environmental pollution on labor price distortion and mechanism of action,based on the data from CFPS. Stochastic frontier analysis( SFA) measures the labor price distortion at micro-individual level,with an average of about 37%. On this basis,the results show that environmental pollution significantly exacerbates the labor price distortion.And the economic development mode of sacrificing environmental quality can’t improve the welfare of individual workers.Environmental pollution causes labor productivity to decrease,at the same time some areas attract investment by "downward competition"of environmental standards and labor conditions. That leads to high pollution emission intensity and low real wage rate coexist. As a market subject of environmental degradation,polluting enterprises fail to fully bear the social cost of polluting the environment. Instrument variable estimates support these results. Our conclusions are still robust after considering different pollution indicators,heterogeneity of economic scale and enterprise ownership. This study helps to understand the actual effects of environmental pollution on income distribution.更多还原