【摘要】 地震信号往往是非线性非平稳的,时频分析技术能同时展示信号在时间域和频率域的局部化特征。本文研究4种时频分析方法:短时傅里叶变换(STFT)、小波变换、广义S变换和Wigner-Ville分布。在理论上运用雷克子波模拟地震记录进行时频分析对比,发现广义S变换具有相对较好的时频聚焦性以及较好的交叉项抑制性。为了验证这一理论,我们分别在两个工区做了实际的地震实验,分析并阐述4种时频分析方法的优缺点,同时也验证广义S变换的优越性。更多还原

【Abstract】 The seismic data usually is non-linear and non-stationary series, the time-frequency analysis technique has the capability to reflect the partial feature of signal in time domain and frequency domain as well. This paper studies four kinds of time-frequency analysis methods, including short time Fourier transform, Wavelet transform, also S transform and Wigner-Ville distribution. Theoretically writer used Ricker wavelet matching to simulate seismic data, in order to contrast with the real seismic records. On base of the results, it can be concluded that the generalized S transform presents better time-frequency localization precision and cross-terms suppressing. In order to better verify this theory, writer conducts several experiments in two different field, then analysis and elaborate both the advantages and disadvantages for these four time-frequency methods, in the meantime, the results also verified the superiority of generalized S transform.更多还原