【摘要】 城市规划在灾后重建中对于工程技术的关注,很容易掩盖城市灾后重建中看不见的制度因素——产权。城市最基本的制度"原型",就是公共产品交易的存在。城市"发达"与否,取决于公共产品提供的范围和水平。现代城市和传统城市的最大差别,就是可以以信用的方式,抵押未来的收益,获得公共产品建设所需要的原始资本。市场经济与计划经济最大的差别,就在于高度复杂的产权制度。因此,未来灾区规划中,产权的恢复和重建,应当作为一个核心的目标:(1)政府兑现所有震前的公共产品及服务的基础设施,恢复所有人的产权;(2)私人依靠自己的力量和社会帮助,恢复损失的个人财产;(3)在明晰产权的基础上重建政府与私人,私人与私人之间的交易关系。如果此次恢复重建是利用市场的途径,特别是社会信用体系实现的,现代城市制度就会在灾区城市生根,而这将是留给灾区社会经济的最大财富。更多还原

【Abstract】 While focusing on engineering technology, it is easy for urban planning to ignore the invisible factor-property right-in the post-disaster plan. The original basic institution of a city is the existence of public product exchange. So, whether a city is developed or not depends on its scale and level of providing public product. Modern cities can mortgage future income by credit to make its primitive capital for providing public product provision which makes them different from the traditional one. Moreover, the basic difference between market and planned economy lies in their complex property institutions. So, property recovery and reconstruction should be made a key goal in the future post-disaster plan: (1) governments should rebuild all pre-disaster public product and service to recover all people’s property; (2) privates should recover their lost both by themselves and social help; (3) exchange relations between government and privates and those among privates should be rebuilt on the base of clear property. Last, modern urban institutions will take root and spread if we use market economy methods and social credit system in the post-disaster plan, which will also become the biggest fortune for the post-disaster areas in the future.更多还原