【摘要】 在分析区域地下水超采以及由此引发环境问题的基础上,以《地下水超采区评价导则》为依据,综合分析超采区评价的指标和方法,建立下辽河平原地下水超采区评价体系。以2001—2011年为评价期,分别以水文地质单元和县级行政区为单元,采用开采系数法进行超采程度计算,同时,采用动态趋势法、水位变幅法和诱变环境问题法等进行超采区综合分析和评价。结果表明:区内20世纪80—90年代因超采造成一定的环境恶化问题,但评价期内有所缓解,仅沈阳市区第四系浅层孔隙水存在超采现象,划定为一般超采区。结合地下水开采引起的环境问题,将滨海三角洲第四系浅层孔隙水咸水区及新近系明化镇组深层承压水全咸水区划分为地下水禁采区。更多还原

【Abstract】 Based on the analysis of the situation of groundwater over-exploitation and the environmental problems caused from it, and on the basis of "Guidelines for the Assessment of Groundwater Over-exploitation Zones", the evaluation indexes and methods of groundwater over-exploitation zones are comprehensively analyzed, and the evaluation system of groundwater over-exploitation zones in the Lower Liaohe Plain is established. Taking the year 2001-2011 as the evaluation period, and taking hydrogeological unit and county-level administrative region as the unit, the degree of groundwater over-exploitation is calculated using exploitation coefficient method, and then, the over-exploitation zones are analyzed and evaluated using dynamic trend method, water level amplitude method and mutagenic environmental problem method. The result shows that although some environmental degradation problems were caused by over-exploitation in 1980 s-1990 s, they were alleviated in the evaluation period. Only the shallow pore water of the Quaternary System in Shenyang is over-exploited. Combined with the environmental problems caused by groundwater exploitation, the saltwater zone of pore water in shallow Quaternary System in the coastal delta and the whole saltwater zone of the deep confined water in the Minghuazhen Formation(Neogene) are divided as nomining ones.更多还原