【摘要】 大城市边缘区土地利用变化迅速,从生态网络与物种角度分析土地利用变化对生境质量的影响更具有生态学意义。选取位于大城市边缘区的鄂州市为研究区,以具有经济、科学研究价值的普通翠鸟、棕背伯劳、池鹭为目标物种,依据目标物种栖息地条件划定生境斑块,以鸟类的最大迁移距离为连接阈值构建生态网络,从生境斑块景观格局与生态网络连通性变化两个层次入手,分析2004～2014年期间土地利用变化对生境质量的影响作用。结果表明:鄂州市建设用地与林地面积增加、水体面积减少,2004～2009年林地面积增长更加显著,2009～2014年水体面积下降较为明显,土地利用景观格局不断破碎化。从斑块角度分析,鄂州市生境质量呈下降趋势,林地生境质量先上升后下降,水体生境质量下降比林地更为明显;从连通性角度分析,生境质量表现为先上升后降低的倒"U"结构。斑块面积对维持网络连通性与生境质量具有重要作用,新城区开发、基础设施建设对林地与水体的分割、占用是典型斑块周边生境质量变化的主要原因。因此,鄂州市发展中应注重大型生境斑块的保护,将其设为禁止或限制开发区,同时也应保护"垫脚石"斑块以维持网络的连通性,提高大都市边缘地区的生态环境质量。更多还原

【Abstract】 Land use change in metropolitan fringe area occurs frequently. It is of great significance to analyze the impact of land use change on the habitat quality from a perspective of ecological network and species. We took Ezhou City, a metropolitan fringe area in central China, as a case study, and selected Alcedo bengalensis, Rufous-Backed Shrike, Chinese Pond Heron as target species, and constructed the ecological networks based on the habitat conditions and migration distance of the target species. Based on the two scales of landscape pattern and the connectivity of ecological network, we evaluated the impact of land use change on habitat quality from 2004 to 2014.The results indicate that, the area of construction land in Ezhou increased, the area of forest land increased significantly during 2004-2009, the water decreased significantly during 2009-2014, and the land use was continuously fragmented. From the perspective of the patch, habitats quality showed a downgrading trend. Forest habitats quality represented first increased and then decreased shape, and water habitat quality downward was more obviously. Habitat quality showed an inverted "U" structure which first increased and then decreased from the perspective of connectivity. Patch plays an important role in maintaining network connectivity and habitat quality. The construction of new urban area and infrastructure result in the segmentation of forest land and water,which is the major reason for the surrounding quality change of the typical patch. Therefore, urban planners should pay more attentions to the protection of large habitat patches, which should be prohibited and restricted as the development zone. Meanwhile, in order to improve the ecological environment quality of metropolitan fringe area, "stepping-stones" patches should be protected to maintain network connectivity.更多还原