【摘要】 水华频繁发生引发环境污染与水质安全等诸多问题,掌握湖库水华发生机理并研究高效经济的水华防治技术尤为急迫。本文在梳理湖库水华发生机理及已有水华治理技术的基础上,提出了营养盐削减和藻类生长控制的水华防治技术体系及其关键技术。针对藻类问题,研发了移动式微电流电解抑藻技术,通过曝气、电解等单元的有机组合抑制藻类生长,原型产品在武汉市小型湖泊进行了应用,水体叶绿素a浓度由18.5μg/L降至9.9μg/L,该湖泊当年无水华发生。针对富营养化限制性因子磷难以处理的问题,将废弃的选铜尾砂和生物炭进行资源化利用,转化为除磷剂新材料。选铜尾砂除磷剂可将浓度为10.2 mg/L的含磷水体处理至满足一级A排放标准(≤0.5mg/L)。改性生物炭除磷剂可将浓度为0.5mg/L的含磷水体处理至满足地表水III类水质标准(≤0.05mg/L)。更多还原

【Abstract】 The frequent occurrence of water blooms has caused many problems such as environmental pollution and water quality safety. It is particularly urgent to explore the mechanism of water bloom in lakes and reservoirs and to study high-efficiency and economical water bloom prevention and control technology. Based on the summary of the mechanism of water bloom in lakes and reservoirs and the existing water bloom control technology, this paper proposes the water bloom prevention technology system and key technologies for nutrient salt reduction and algae growth control.For the problem of algae, a mobile micro-current electrolysis-inhibiting technology was developed to inhibit the growth of algae by combination of aeration, electrolysis and other units. The prototype product was applied in a small lake in Wuhan, and the concentration of chlorophyll-a in water decreased from 18.5 μg/L to 9.9 μg/L, there was no water bloom in that year. In view of the problem that phosphorus is difficult to treat, the waste copper tailings and biochar were recycled and converted into new materials for dephosphorization. The copper tailings dephosphorization agent can be used to treat the phosphorus-containing water with a concentration of 10.2 mg/L to meet the Class A emission standard for pollutant discharge from urban sewage treatment plants(≤0.5 mg/L). The modified biochar dephosphorization agent can treat the phosphorus-containing water with a concentration of 0.5 mg/L to meet the class III water quality standard for surface water(≤0.05 mg/L).更多还原