【摘要】 随着世界能源资源的日益紧缺,作为油气资源的重要替代能源,油页岩的勘探和开发逐渐被提上了日程。为探讨小型可控震源在油页岩地震勘探中的应用效果,配合使用法国Sercel公司生产的428XL地震仪,于2011年在吉林农安油页岩矿区开展了PHVS-500型电磁式可控震源、随机控制的内燃机式冲击夯震源、VIBSIST-50可控震源、脉冲编码震源4种小型震源的应用试验研究。对比4种震源叠加结果,浅层的反射同相轴位置均在200 ms以内,4种震源剖面均清晰可见;在200～300 ms,PHVS-500和冲击夯震源可见2个清晰的反射层,VIBSIST-50和脉冲编码震源也可见2个反射层,但反映不足够清晰;300 ms以下深层反射同相轴均不太清晰,只有PHVS-500在300～400 ms可见较为连续的反射同相轴,且与钻孔资料显示的油页岩埋深相吻合。由此可见,4种震源均能较好地反映地下信息,说明小型可控震源用于浅层油页岩勘探是可行的。其中:PHVS-500分辨率和信噪比较高,且勘探深度较大;冲击夯震源组合勘探效果较好;VIBSIST-50浅层效果明显;而编码震源在分辨率、信噪比及勘探深度上都较弱。更多还原

【Abstract】 With increasing scarcity of energy resources in the world,oil shale exploration and development have gradually being on the agenda as an important alternative energy of oil-gas resource.To study the performance of mini vibrators in the oil shale,The experiments of four mini vibrators carried out at Nong’an oil shale in 2011.The Mini vibrators are as follows: PHVS-500 electromagnetic vibrator,rammer source with internal-combustion engine,VIBSIST-50 vibrator and pulse coding vibrator.The seismic observation system used in the experiment is 428XL seismograph produced by Sercel company of French.Comparing the superimposed results of the four mini vibrators,In-phase reflection axises are clear within 200 ms on the seimic profiles of four kinds of vibrators;between 200ms and 300ms,two clear reflection layers can be seen from PHVS-500 and impact rammer source,the results are not obvious from VIBSIST-50 and pulse coding vibrator;over 300 ms,the in-phase reflection axises are not exactly clear for all kinds of vibrators,excepting that PHVS-500 have relatively continuous in-phase reflection axises between 300 ms and 400ms,and the result of PHVS-500 is consistent with the depth of the oil shale that the drilling data shows.So we can see that the four mini vibrators are able to better reflect the underground information from single shot records and seismic reflection profiles,indicating that mini vibrators are feasible for shallow oil shale exploration.PHVS-500 has relatively higher signal-to-noise ratio and resolution,and larger exploration depth.The result of combined rammer source is better than single rammer source.VIBSIST-50 is fit for the shallow oil shale.Pulse coding vibrator is weaker in signal-to-noise ratio,resolution and exploration depth.更多还原