【摘要】 【目的】通过分析结构化森林经营对东北阔叶红松林森林质量形成的中长期影响,探索森林经营对林分质量提升的响应机理。【方法】在吉林蛟河林业试验区设置6块面积为100 m×100 m的样地,其中,目标样地1块、经营样地4块和对照样地1块。经营样地采用结构化经营方法,长期观测记录样地数据,借助Excel Pivot Tables、R 3.4.3、Origin 2015、Winkelmass等软件进行系统对比分析,研究结构化森林经营对林分生产力、林分密度、林分结构以及林分综合状态的影响。【结果】实施结构化森林经营,使经营林分年均蓄积生长量(均值)较对照林分提高17.28%,生长率提高17.60%;林分断面积年均增量(均值)提高42.86%,生长率提高47.37%;林木枯损率降低57.22%,显著提高了林分生产力。且实施结构化森林经营使主要针叶树种优势度保持较高水平,林分水平格局为随机分布,是理想的天然林格局。林分中高混交且随机分布的最佳微结构体始终保持较高比例,而低混交且非随机分布的劣势结构体比例很低并有下降趋势;经营使林分的综合状态迅速获得优化,林分状态维持稳定,但是经营效果的保持还需要持续定期的后续经营。【结论】结构化森林经营能够精准提升东北阔叶红松林的森林质量,既能提高林分生产力又能优化林分空间结构。更多还原

【Abstract】 [Objective] This paper aims to study the medium and long term effects of structure-based forest management(SBFM) on forest quality of broadleaved Korean pine forests in Northeastern China and to explore the mechanism of forest management in forest quality improvement. [Method] Six sample plots with an area of 100 m × 100 m were set up in Jiaohe Forestry Experimental Area, Jilin Province of northeastern China. Among the six plots, there is 1 target sample plot, 4 managed sample plots and 1 control plot. The SBFM measures were applied in 4 managed plots for data collection. Quantitative and comparative analysis has been carried out using Excel Pivot Tables, R 3.4.3, Origin 2015, Winkelmass to study the effects of SBFM on forest productivity, density, structure and comprehensive status of the stand. [Result] The results indicated that after applying SBFM, the average annual stand volume growth(mean) of managed stands was 17.28% more than those of control, and growth rate was 17.60% higher, meanwhile the average annual stand basal area growth(mean) and growth rate of it increased by 42.86% and 47.37%, respectively,and the rate of tree mortality decreased by 57.22%. In a word, the productivity was significantly improved.With main conifers maintaining a high level of species dominance, the horizontal distribution of managed stands was random pattern, i.e. the ideal natural forest pattern. The optimum micro-structures with high mixing and random distribution remained a high proportion throughout the study, while those with low mixing and non-random distribution accounted for a low proportion and showed a downward trend in managed stands. The comprehensive status of the managed stand had been optimized rapidly by SBFM, the state of stands was maintained stable, and the continuous and regular follow-up operation was required to maintain the management effect. [Conclusion] Structure-based forest management improves the quality of broadleaved Korean pine forests in Northeastern China in a precise manner. SBFM has been proved to be an effective and reliable way to improve stand productivity and optimize stand spatial structure at the same time.更多还原