【摘要】 本文将每天一定区域内有平流层位涡向下侵入到对流层现象的格点总数定义为天气尺度区域位涡下侵(RPVI)指数,由此建立了1979至2016年冬季中国东北地区RPVI指数的年际变化序列。合成分析表明,在高(低)RPVI指数年,平流层位涡正(负)异常于90°–110°E区域向下侵入至对流层300 hPa附近,因而在对流层低层强迫出异常气旋(反气旋)。近地层异常气旋(反气旋)西侧的北(南)风导致东北地区地面气温异常至少低于(高于)-0.9°C(0.9°C)。更多还原

【Abstract】 A regional potential vorticity(PV) intrusion(PVI)(RPVI) index, defined as the sum of the numbers of grids containing PVI within a certain area for each day, is used to reflect the day-to-day PVI variability over northeastern China during winter from 1979 to 2016. The synoptic-scale PVI variations and resultant surface air temperature(SAT) anomalies are identified by comparing the high and low RPVI index cases. In high(low) RPVI cases, significantly strong positive(negative) PV anomalies are found in the stratospheric midlatitudes, which intrude downward mostly within 90°–110°E into the upper troposphere to reach around 300 hPa and extend eastward to the east of 120°E, forcing an anomalous cyclonic(anticyclonic) circulation in the middle and lower troposphere over East Asia,with the anomalous northerlies(southerlies) of the forced lower-tropospheric cyclone(anticyclone)leading to significant negative(positive) SAT anomalies of less(greater) than-0.9°C(0.9°C), especially over northeastern China. In the stratosphere, the positive(negative) midlatitude PV anomalies over northern China are actually associated with a weakening(strengthening) of the polar vortex over the Eurasian continent for the high(low) RPVI cases, resulting mostly from positive(negative) barotropic vorticity anomalies associated with static stability due to the meridional shear of anomalous zonal winds on the southern side of the anomalous Eurasian anticyclone(cyclone).更多还原