【摘要】 现代农业中人工合成物质的大量使用,造成了严重的环境污染问题。我国有机肥资源丰富,充分利用有机肥是缓解当前环境问题的重要途径之一。本试验以脱毒苍山蒜为材料,在长期有机肥养地的基础上以不施肥为对照,研究了不同有机肥(腐熟牛粪、腐熟兔粪、大豆发酵肥)处理对土壤养分、大蒜氮素吸收及产量等的影响。结果表明,腐熟牛粪处理对0～20 cm土层土壤有机碳、全氮、全磷、全钾含量改善作用更好,大豆发酵肥对20～40 cm土层改善作用较好。土壤碳通量表现为腐熟牛粪处理最高,表明土壤微生物最活跃。大豆发酵肥处理下大蒜植株体内的氮素积累量最高。4种处理对大蒜农艺性状及产量的影响差异不显著,CK(不施肥)表现仍较好,说明长期施用有机肥具有养地的重要功能。本研究结果可为生态农业发展提供有机肥效方面的参考。更多还原

【Abstract】 The extensive use of synthetic materials in modern agriculture had caused serious environmental pollution problems. There are a plenty of organic fertilizer resources in China, and making full use of them might be one of the ways to alleviate the current environmental problems. A field experiment was conducted with detoxified Cangshan garlic in Jiangjiazhuang Village, Pingyi County, Shandong Province, to explore the effects of different organic fertilizers(decomposed cow manure, decomposed rabbit manure, soybean fermentation fertilizer) on soil nutrients, nitrogen uptake and yield of garlic. The results showed that decomposed cow mature treatment had better effects on the content improvement of soil organic carbon, total nitrogen, total phosphorus and total potassium in 0～20-cm soil layer,and soybean fermentation fertilizer treatment had better effects on them in 20～40-cm soil layer. Soil carbon flux was the highest in decomposed cow manure treatment, indicating that soil microorganisms were the most active in such condition. Under soybean fermentation fertilizer treatment, the accumulation of nitrogen in garlic plant was the highest. There were no significant differences in agronomic traits and yield among the four treatments, however,CK(no fertilization) still had better performance, which indicated that long-term application of organic fertilizer had important function on soil nourishment. This study might provide evidence for the development of ecological agriculture in terms of organic fertilizer efficiency.更多还原