【摘要】 花生是我国重要的油料和经济作物。青岛是我国传统大花生种植区,也是我国最具代表性的花生种植区域。本研究于2015年5—10月在山东省青岛市莱西姜山镇花生大面积种植区,采用马来氏网法对花生田昆虫进行收集鉴定及主要害虫天敌益害比分析。结果表明:捕获昆虫35 171头,共7目276种。其中优势种有膜翅目的粘虫绒茧蜂、长腹黑卵蜂、玉米螟赤眼蜂、喜马拉雅聚瘤姬蜂等;鞘翅目的隆胸露尾甲、龟纹瓢虫等;半翅目的麦二叉蚜、花生蚜、小绿叶蝉等;鳞翅目的小菜蛾、花生须峭麦蛾等;双翅目的大灰优食蚜蝇、粘虫缺须寄蝇、灰地种蝇、斜斑鼓额食蚜蝇与黑带食蚜蝇。斜纹夜蛾、花生须峭麦蛾的天敌种类分别为16种和4种,益害比分别为74.3889、10.2817,显示出较好的天敌控制作用;花生蚜天敌种类共27种,益害比为3.6881,天敌控制力一般;西花蓟马天敌种类为4种,益害比为0.6106,天敌控制力较差。更多还原

【Abstract】 Peanut is one of the most important oil and cash crops in China. Qingdao is the traditional big peanut planting area and also the most representative peanut planting area in China. In this study, we identified the insects collected from peanut fields of Jiangshan Town, Laixi City, Qingdao City from May to October in 2015 by malay mesh method,and analyzed the ratio of dominant natural enemy to pest. The results indicated that 35 171 insects were captured and identified as 276 species in 7 orders. Among them, the dominant species were Apanreles kariyai, Charybdis longissima, Trichogramma ostriniae and Iseropus himalayensis from hymenoptera, and Carpophilus obsoletus and Propylaea japonica from coleoptera, and Schizaphis graminum, Aphis medicaginis and Jacobiasca formosana from hemiptera; and Plutella xylostella and Stomopteryx subsecivella from lepidoptera; and Metasyrphus corollae, Cuphocera varia Fabricius, Delia platura, Scaeva pyrastri and Episyrphus balteatus from diptera. The species number of natural enemy for Prodenia litura and Stomopteryx subsecivella were 16 and 4 respectively, and the corresponding ratios of beneficial insects to pests were 74.3889 and 10.2817, which showed better control effect. The species number of natural enemy for Aphis medicaginis were 27 and the corresponding ratio of beneficial insects to pests was 3.688 1, suggesting normal control effect. There were four natural enemies for Frankliniella occidentalis with ratio of the beneficial insects to pests as 0.6106,which had poor control effect.更多还原